农牧交错带研究进展

农牧交错带是典型的生态脆弱区、贫困区和多民族聚居区,是我国生态安全的重要屏障.综述了农牧交错带发展的历史演变过程,分析了当前农牧交错带农牧业生产所面临的主要问题,建议今后对农牧交错带的研究应集中在以生态学为基础的跨学科研究;其热点领域应集中在农牧交错带生产力生态学、恢复生态学、界面生态学、放牧生态学,农牧交错带的健康诊断和价值评估等方面.其中生产力生态学是提高生产效率的保证,应加强农牧交错带农田草地系统耦合生产方式的研究;恢复生态学是治理退化农牧交错带的基础;界面生态学是剖析退化农牧交错带的切入点;放牧生态学是调控农牧交错带农田草地退化的手段;健康诊断有助于对农牧交错带进行客观的评价;价值评估则是对农牧交错带生态系统效益和服务的估算.

Progress and perspective of agro\|pasturage ecotone

Agro\|pasturage ecotone (APE) is the transitional zone which is characterized by ecological vulnerability, poverty and multi\|ethnic groups, and it is also a natural barrier for ecological security. In this paper, we reviewed development history and major problems in APE and proposed that the future work in APE should focus on multi\|subjects synthesis centered with ecology. The promising topics might be production ecology, restoration ecology, interface ecology, grazing ecology, health diagnoses and evaluation in APE. Among these topics, productivity ecology is the guarantee of improving the productivity in APE, and thus studies on the coupling of crop and grassland systems should be enhanced; restoration ecology is the base for restoring degraded ecosystems in APE; interface ecology is the cut\|in point for analyzing the mechanisms causing the degradation in APE; grazing ecology is the method of regulating the degradation of crop and grassland; diagnoses of the health of APE is benefit to accurate evaluation of the degraded ecosystems in APE; and evaluation for APE is also considered as an estimation on services and benefits of agro\|pasturage ecosystems.