新疆玛纳斯河流域冰川生态系统服务功能价值评估

冰川在干旱区内陆河流域中具有极其重要的生态作用,为流域发展提供着巨大的服务功能.然而,在全球气候变暖的影响下,冰川退缩将导致冰川生态系统服务功能降低.应用GIS空间分析技术分析了玛纳斯河流域从1964年至2006年冰川面积变化,并评估其生态系统服务功能价值变化.结果表明,在全球变暖的影响下,流域冰川生态系统服务功能总价值急剧下降.流域冰川面积从1964年557.1km2退缩到2006年的464.1km2,面积减少了16.7%.冰川生态系统服务功能价值从1964年的1228.5×108元下降到2006年的960.1×108元.冰川退缩改变了流域的水资源分布特征,导致冰川生态系统服务功能价值下降.在未来的流域发展规划中,应高度重视冰川变化产生的生态效应.

Valuation of glacier ecosystem services in the Manas River Watershed, Xinjiang

The glacier plays an important role in arid inland river basin by providing remarkable ecosystem services for basin development. However, the glacier area decreases rapidly under the influences of global warming, which weakens glacier ecosystem services. The changes of glacier area and glacier ecosystem services from 1964 to 2006 were analyzed. The results show that the value of glacier′s ecosystem services decrease rapidly during the period. The glacier area decreases from 557.1km~2 in 1964 to 464.1km~2 in 2006. The total value of glacier ecosystem services decreases from 1228.5×10~8 yuan in 1964 to 960.1×10~8 yuan in 2006. The glacier ablation alters the distribution of water resources in watershed and results in the decreasing of ecosystem services. The ecological effects of glacier ablation shouldn't be neglected for watershed planning in the future.