基于耕地生态足迹的重庆市耕地生态承载力供需平衡研究

以耕地生态承载力供需关系为切入点,应用耕地生态足迹模型和GIS方法,在修正了Wackernagel提出的耕地产量因子的基础上,构建耕地生态承载力供需平衡指数,以2009年为例,对重庆市的耕地生态承载力供需平衡状况进行了系统的评价.结果表明:(1)重庆市耕地生态承载力供需空间分布表现出较为明显的不平衡性,总体上从东到西呈现出从富裕到严重超载的空间分布态势,且耕地生态超载区与主城区分布具有较好的吻合性;(2)就县(区)数量而言,重庆市耕地生态赤字区最大,其次是耕地生态盈余区和耕地生态平衡区;就人口数量而言,同样是耕地生态赤字区最大,其次是耕地生态平衡区和耕地生态盈余区;就土地面积而言,耕地生态盈余区最大,其次是耕地生态平衡区,耕地生态赤字区面积最小.重庆市约3/5的人口分布在约4/5表现为耕地生态平衡或盈余的土地面积上,而约2/5的人口集中分布在约1/5表现为耕地生态赤字的土地面积上.可为重庆市的区域耕地生态安全预警、土地利用总体规划以及区域可持续发展提供科学依据和决策支持.

Ecological balance between supply and demand in Chongqing City based on cultivated land ecological footprint method

In order to construct the indicators of the balance between supply and demand of the cultivated land ecological carrying capacity, basing on the relation of the cultivated land ecological carrying capacity supply and demand, applying the model of "Cultivated Land Ecological Footprints Method" and the method of GIS and considering the factors of cultivated land production revised by Wackernagel, taking the data of the of 2009 as an example, and then made a systematic evaluation of the balance between supply and demand of the cultivated land ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing. The results indicated that: (1) at the aspect of space: the supply-demand balance of cultivated land ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing city is imbalanced, ranged from significant overloading to affluence from east to west, and the area of overloading coincide with Chongqing Main City; (2) at the number of counties or districts: the most cultivated land ecological deficit area is Chongqing Main City, then the affluent and balanced areas; (3) as the number of population: it's the same situation as the number of counties or districts; (4) as the proportion of the land: the affluent area is the most rate, then the balanced and deficit areas. According to the results, 3/5 of the population in Chongqing lived on the 4/5 of the affluent or balanced cultivated land, and the other 2/5 of the population distributed on the 1/5 ecological deficit cultivated land. All in all, the research can provide the ecological security of the area cultivated land, the overall plan of land use and sustainable development of the area land with scientific evidence and decision support.