湖南烟区土壤交换性钙、镁含量及对烤烟品质的影响

分析了湖南烟区主要土壤类型交换性钙、镁元素含量状况及其对烟叶品质的影响,结果表明:(1)土壤交换性钙、镁含量在不同土壤类型间存在显著性差异,交换性钙含量平均为8.87cmol/kg,以红壤含量最高;交换性镁含量平均为1.16cmol/kg,以黄棕壤含量最高;交换性钙镁比值大小依次为:红壤(11.74)>水稻土(10.25)>黄壤(6.84)>黄棕壤(6.14),在烟叶实际生产中,应重视镁肥在红壤和水稻土中的施用;(2)烟叶钙含量偏高(21.93g/kg±4.37g/kg),烟叶镁含量偏低(2.52g/kg±1.26g/kg),两者均存在广泛的变异性;(3)整体来看,烟叶钙含量随土壤中交换性钙含量的升高和镁含量的降低而显著升高;烟叶镁含量随土壤交换性镁含量的升高而升高,与土壤交换性钙含量的相关性不显著;(4)典型相关分析表明,土壤中交换性镁含量的降低可能引起烟叶钾含量的提高,从而使得烟叶钾素和镁素含量达到较好的平衡;(5)土壤交换性钙、镁含量与烟叶其它化学成分指标的相关分析表明,土壤交换性钙有利于烟株对硼和氯素的吸收,对氮、锌和锰素的吸收则有显著的抑制作用;而土壤交换性镁有利于烟叶总糖、硼素和锰素的积累,对氮、磷、铁和锌素的吸收具有显著的抑制作用。

The contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in Hunan tobacco-growing soils and their effects on tobacco quality

Calcium and magnesium are elements that have important influence on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. In this study, the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in different soil types and their effects on flue-cured tobacco quality in Hunan tobacco-planting areas were analyzed. The objectives of this study were to supply a scientific basis for the production of high-quality flue-cured tobacco and balanced fertilization in Hunan tobacco-growing areas. The results indicated that: (1) There existed significant differences among different soil types for the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium. The average content of exchangeable calcium was 8.87cmol/kg, and was the highest in red soil type. The average content of exchangeable magnesium was 1.16cmol/kg, and was the highest in yellow brown soil type. The ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium showed the trend of red soils (11.74) > paddy field (10.25) > yellow soils (6.84) > yellow brown soils (6.14). It is suggested to use magnesium fertilizer for red soils and paddy field. (2)The average content of calcium in tobacco leaves was (21.93±4.37) g/kg, and the average content of magnesium in tobacco leaves was (2.52±1.26) g/kg. Both had extensive variation. (3) By using the method of ANOVA, the change was analyzed for the contents of calcium and magnesium in tobacco leaves along with the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soils. In total, the content of calcium in tobacco leaves increased significantly with the content of exchangeable calcium increasing and the content of exchangeable magnesium decreasing in soils; the content of magnesium in tobacco leaves increased significantly with the content of exchangeable magnesium increasing, and there was no significant correlation with the content of exchangeable calcium in soils. (4) The canonical correlation analysis showed that the decrease of exchangeable magnesium in soils increased the content of potassium in tobacco leaves, and consequently made good balance between potassium and magnesium in tobacco leaves. (5) The correlation analysis between the contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soils and other chemical components in tobacco leaves showed that exchangeable calcium in soils was good for the absorption of B and Cl, but made against absorbing N, Zn and Mn significantly. Meanwhile, exchangeable magnesium in soils was good for the accumulation of total sugar, B and Mn, but made against absorbing N, P, Fe and Zn significantly.