景感生态学视角下的健康社区构建

景感生态学是基于中国传统人居环境营造理论与实践结合现代生态学基本原理形成的新兴学科,注重探讨生态系统服务与可持续发展的关系。可持续发展目标中健康与福祉是其重要内容,因此健康人居环境的营造也是景感生态学的重要应用领域之一。在健康人居环境的营造过程中,健康社区构建具有作为"细胞工程"的基础性作用。因此,从景感生态学的视角探讨健康社区的构建,有助于景感生态学进一步应用于可持续发展与人居环境营造的实践,为健康与福祉的顺利实现提供支撑。从健康社区的定义和主要理念出发,基于健康社区构建的需求本体和供给客体及其相互作用关系,结合生态环境科学的"时-空-量-序"的视角,探讨了生态环境研究应用于健康社区构建的作用及面临的系统性不足、人文性不足和耦合性不足等挑战;进而以景感生态学作为连接生态环境学科与建筑规划学科的纽带,探讨了景感生态学在应对上述挑战中的作用。从景感生态学视角来看,健康社区构建就是将人类健康这一愿景融入到社区健康需求本体与健康供给客体及其相互关系的调控与营造,从而实现社区及人群的健康和可持续发展。健康社区的构建强调社区人群主观健康需求与客观健康供给之间的互动与耦合,与景感生态学强调"景"与"感"相互融合、相互作用具有高度一致性。本文从景感生态学的研究要素、景感营造的理念与研究工具等方面,系统地提出景感生态学视角下的健康社区构建框架：包括融合多景感要素的社区人群健康生态系统服务体系、营造多景感载体的社区人群健康行为意识引导体系和建设多方位的健康社区趋善化管理与智能感知体系。景感生态学所提供的崭新视角和系统性思路,对于健康社区的构建将具有重要的指导作用。

The healthy community construction from a landsenses ecology perspective

Landsenses ecology is a new discipline based on the theory and practice of Chinese traditional human settlement environment creation, combined with basic principles of modern ecology, which focuses on the relationship between ecosystem services and sustainable development. Because good health and well-being is one of the basic goals for sustainable development, the construction of healthy human settlement environment is also the important applied fields for landsenses ecology. For the the construction of healthy human settlement environment, healthy community has a fundamental role as the basic engineering unit. Therefore, this article was aimed to explore healthy community construction of from a landsenses ecology perspective to provide scientific support to achieve the goals of good health and well-being in sustainable development. Firstly, the definition and concept of healthy community was introduced based on the health demand subjects/health supply objects and their interaction. Then the role played by ecological/environmental research in healthy community construction was discussed, combined with the time-space-quantity-order research themes. Furthermore, we explored the three challenges for ecological/environmental research when applied to healthy community construction. These three challenges included the shortage of systematic, the shortage of humanism and the shortage of coupling. Then the function of landsenses ecology to address the above challenges was analyzed based on its role in linking ecological/environmental research to architecture/planning research. From a landsenses ecology perspective, healthy community construction is to integrate the vision of human health in the sustainable development goals into the regulation and construction of the community''s health demand subjects, health supply objects and their interaction, to achieve the health development of community and people. Healthy community construction emphasizes the interaction and coupling between subjective health demand and objective health supply, which is consistent with that landsenses ecology emphasizes the interaction and integration of objective landscapes and subjective human senses. Therefore, we further analyzed the implication of landsenses ecology perspective for healthy community construction, from the aspects of research elements, the concept of landsense creation and research methods/tools of landsenses ecology. Finally, we proposed a healthy community construction framework from a landsenses ecology perspective, which includes three elements: 1) the ecosystem service system that integrated multiple landsense elements for the health of community population, 2) the health awareness/behavior guidance system that was created from multiple landsense carriers for the health of community population, and 3) the multi-faceted meliorization management and intelligent perception system for healthy community. A landsenses ecology perspective, with novel and systematic thought will play an important role in guiding healthy community construction.