黄河流域生态水文分区及优先保护级别

在分析相关分区研究的基础上,探讨流域生态水文分区的内涵;并结合黄河流域的实际情况,从生态重要性、水文特征、生态背景和人类活动影响等方面建立分区的指标体系;为便于管理,分区以县为基本单位,由指标层定量计算县的准则层指标值,根据准则层对应的级别确定各县的分区类型,将黄河划分成20个一级分区和51个二级分区;最后采用RIAM模型选取生态重要性指标,确定二级分区的优先保护级别,其中2个重点优先保护区、11个中等优先保护区需要重点保护。优先保护区集中分布在以下四个地区,分别是流域的源区、贺兰山以东和鄂尔多斯以西、三省(山西、陕西和河南)交界山区、河口三角洲。

Eco-hydrological regionalization and protection preferential levels in the Yellow River Basin

In this paper, a feasible eco-hydrological regionalization methodology was presented for determining the target of ecological protection and ecological water requirement in a basin. The eco-hydrological regionalization of a watershed was defined based on a review of related researches; according to ecological importance, hydrological characteristics, ecological background and effects of human activities of the Yellow River basin, the indicator system of regionalization was constructed. Firstly the values of the rule hierarchy were calculated by the indicator hierarchy with county as unit, which was easy for management; then class regionalization of every county was decided by the corresponding levels of the rule hierarchy; the Yellow River basin was divided into 20 first-class zones and 51 second-class zones in the end. The protection preferential levels of second-class zones were determined by RIAM model with ecological importance as indicators, 2 significant preferential reserves and 11 moderate preferential reserves need to be protected especially. In the watershed, the preferential reserves mainly distributed in the headwater area, between the east of Helan Mountain and the west of Ordos, the juncture of Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Henan Province, and the delta.