雉鸡(Phasianus colchicus)营巢生境的模拟分析研究

将多元统计学方法与地理信息系统结合对动物的栖息地进行适宜性分析，是近年动物栖息地研究者和管理者都十分感兴趣的方面。本研究采用马氏距离法，利用地理信息系统模拟甘肃雉鸡的营巢生境。模拟结果表明，与已知营巢生境相似水平为0.95的区域面积，仅占整个研究区的0.68%，而与已知营巢生境迥然不同（P＜0.05）的区域面积占79.08%。营巢生境与非营巢生境在生境类型组成和地形因素上存在多方差异，营巢生境中农田和草坡占有极大比例，用于营巢的区域总是更接近生境的边缘。特别是接近于农田、草坡和白桦阔叶林等生境，表明倾向于在这几种生境的边缘附近营巢。营巢生境的平均海拔比非营巢生境低，坡度也较缓，坡向则更偏于东南方。在同一生境类型内部，用于营巢的区域和不利用的区域之间也存在很大差别，营巢区域总是更接近生境的边缘。某一生境周围的其它生境类型也会影响雉鸡的营巢选择。

Modelling study on the nesting habitat of ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)

Researchers and managers pay great interest in the combined use of Geographic Information System(GIS)and Multi\|variable analysis.In this research,ring\|necked pheasants' nesting habitat was modelled based on Mahalanobis distance by using GIS.In 1997 and 1998,fifty\|one nests of wild ring\|necked pheasants were discovered and orientated in Gansu,China.Distances from nests to 14 habitats'edges,measured by GIS,were used as habitat characteristic variables.Terrain factors of elevation,slope and aspect were calculated basing on digital elevation model.We generated raster layer of every variable,and calculated Mahalanobis distance value for all the grids by using GIS.The result shows that the areas,which are similar to the known used areas at the significance level of 0.95,cover only 0.68% of the whole region.On the other hand,the dissimilar areas( P <0.05) occupy 79.08% of the total area.There are many differences of habitat composition and terrain characteristics between nesting areas and non\|nesting areas.Farmland and Grass Mountain Slope occupy very large proportion in the nesting habitat.Compared with non\|nesting habitat,the nesting habitat is of lower elevation,more gently slope and more southeast\|facing aspect.In a special habitat,nesting area and non\|nesting area are also of great distinction.The nesting area is usually near to the edge of the habitat.The types of a special habitat's neighbouring habitats will affect pheasants'selection on some region in the habitat for nesting.