陕西子午岭植物群落演替过程中物种多样性变化与环境解释

采用空间代替时间的方法研究了黄土高原子午岭植物群落自然演替过程中不同层α物种多样性的变化规律,并通过CCA分析了物种多样性与环境间的关系。结果表明:(1)随演替的进展,草本层物种丰富度、均匀度及物种多样性均逐渐降低(P0.05);灌木层物种的丰富度与物种多样性均呈现相似的"J"形变化趋势,而均匀度(虎榛子(Ostryopsis davidiana)群落除外)差异不显著(P0.05);乔木层物种丰富度、均匀度以及物种多样性差异均不显著(P0.05);群落总体物种丰富度随演替进展呈现明显的单峰模型,与中期物种丰富度假说一致。(2)林冠郁闭度是影响草本层和灌木层物种组成的主要环境因子(P0.01),其次为土壤养分和坡位;而坡位对乔木层物种组成的影响极显著(P0.01),这可能与乔木树种的更新差异有关。(3)群落演替是物种扩散和环境筛综合作用的过程,物种对演替过程中变化光照资源的响应差异可能是该区不同层物种多样性变化的主要原因。

Species diversity and environmental interpretation in the process of community succession in the Ziwu Mountain of Shaanxi Province

Successional patterns in species diversity indices each vegetation stratum on the Loess Plateau,Ziwu Mountain,northwest China,were studied using the method of substituting spatial difference for time change. Relationships between species diversity and environmental factors were also studied using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. The results indicated that:(1) Herb layer species richness,evenness and species diversity decreased gradually during community succession (P < 0. 05); Shrub layer species diversit...