转Bt基因水稻秸秆降解对土壤微生物可培养类群的影响

以高抗螟虫、已释放应用的 Bt水稻 (克螟稻 1号 )及其亲本 (非 Bt水稻 )为材料 ,在实验室条件下研究了转 Bt基因水稻及其亲本秸秆在降解过程中对土壤微生物主要类群的影响 ,这些类群包括细菌、真菌、放线菌、反硝化细菌、解磷微生物。结果表明 :(1)降解过程中 Bt蛋白浓度在前两周内迅速下降 ,随后降解速度变慢 ,17d以后至 5 3d,Bt蛋白浓度基本上保持在 6 .72 8～6 .196 ng/ g的水平。 (2 )秸秆降解过程中 ,不同处理细菌数量的变化趋势相似 ,转基因水稻与其亲本之间差异显著 ,非转基因细菌数量高于转基因细菌数量。(3)除降解初期第 3天、第 6天之外 ,其他取样时期的转基因水稻真菌数量要显著高于非转基因和对照。(4)放线菌数量没有明显变化规律 ,除第 6、9、2 6、35天外 ,非转基因数量显著高于转基因。(5 )非转基因秸秆降解反硝化细菌活性高于转基因 ,而解磷微生物活性处理之间无明显差异。

Influence of the straw decomposition of Bt transgenic rice on soil culturable microbial flora

Many important crops have been genetically engineered to produce various proteins, such as Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin, to increase their resistance to pests. The fate and persistence of insecticidal protein in transgenetic plants in the soil is an important issue because of possible direct and indirect effects of these insecticidal proteins on soil organisms. In addition, there is the potential for prolonged exposure of soil organisms to the insecticidal protein because of possible plant residue remai...