黄土高原人工林地水分亏缺的补偿与恢复特征

采用单株平衡法 ,通过定位监测与对比分析 ,对黄土高原半湿润落叶阔叶林区 ,持续干旱期末人工林地土壤水分亏缺度、雨季末降雨补偿深度及土壤贮水亏缺补偿度的时空分布进行了研究。结果表明 ,在水分条件较为优越的半湿润落叶阔叶林带 ,丰水年雨季过后的土壤贮水亏缺补偿深度不超过 2 80 cm,平水年 2 4 0 cm,枯水年仅 4 0 cm,而耗水深度超过 32 0 cm。丰水年0～ 32 0 cm土层 ,土壤贮水亏缺补偿度仅 14 .5 3%。自然状况下 ,单纯依赖天然降水 ,人工林地土壤水分亏缺状况将难以恢复。人工林地土壤贮水亏缺补偿度具有极为明显的空间分布规律。其中 ,水平方向土壤贮水亏缺补偿度与距主干距离成反相关 ,垂直方向因林分类型不同而异。林木根系的存在 ,削弱了天然降雨对土壤水分亏缺的补偿作用。在黄土高原南部半湿润落叶阔叶林带 ,仅采用传统的一维垂向土壤水分观测结果 ,或以 3m以上土层的土壤水分动态监测资料为基础 ,进行有关土壤水量平衡及蒸散量的计算 ,其计算结果的准确性和科学性将难以保证

Compensation and rehabilitation characteristics of soil water deficit at a planted forest site of the drought-prone Loess Plateau

The dried soil layer at a forest plantation site of the drought-prone Loess Plateau in China has threatened the survival and sustainability of the existent plantation, and also hindered the restoration and rebuilding of artificial forest vegetation. There have been numerous studies on the location and depth of dried soil layer's, and the influence of species composition. However, studies on root functions under soil water deficit, compensation and rehabilitation characteristics after rainy seasons in differ...