垃圾堆肥复合菌剂对干旱胁迫下草坪植物生理生态特性的影响

从生活垃圾堆肥中提取有益微生物菌种，配成不同浓度的复合微生物菌剂（CM），施入草坪基质，研究了复合微生物菌剂对干旱胁迫下草坪植物生理生态特性的影响。结果表明：在干旱胁迫下，接种过复合微生物菌剂的草坪植物叶片的丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于未接种菌剂的对照，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著高于对照。不同草坪植物品种生理生态特性在接种CM后对干旱胁迫的响应程度不同。即高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea L.），当接种200倍稀释液的菌剂，叶片SOD、POD和CAT活性达到最大，分别是对照的8.13、1.53和2.46倍；而黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）则当接种100倍稀释液的菌剂，POD和CAT活性分别高出对照64.4%和56.1%，而SOD活性是对照的6.50倍。和对照相比，各接种菌剂处理的脯氨酸（Pro）含量、可溶性蛋白含量明显降低，离体叶片持水力却保持了较高的水平。上述结果表明，接种复合微生物菌剂后，植物能够通过自身的保护酶活性和渗透调节物质含量来减轻干旱伤害，维持植物体的正常生理代谢功能，从而有效缓解干旱胁迫对草坪植物的伤害，提高草坪植物的抗旱性，为干旱环境草坪植物的建植提供依据。

Effects of municipal compost extracted complex microbial communities on physio-ecological characteristics of turfgrass under drought stress

In arid and semi-arid areas, drought stress is a key factor limiting plant growth and development. In recent years, much attention has been paid to enhancing plant adaptability to arid environment by inoculating plants with complex microbial communities. Many studies indicated that complex microbial communities are able to enhance drought resistance of plants and promote plant growth. However, in most of these studies microbial communities involved were extracted from soils. Little is known about the effect of similar microbial communities extracted from municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) on plant growth and drought tolerance. It is well known that MSWC consists of a rich variety of rapid succession microbial communities with the size of the population and community depending on the composition and content of organic matter in MSWC and the interaction among the microorganisms. In the study reported in this paper, extractions with different concentrations of complex microbial communities were prepared from MSWC, and were applied to turfgrass medium. The effects of complex microbial communities on physio-ecological indices of two turfgrass cultivars under drought stress were investigated. The results indicated that under drought stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the turfgrass leaves with the treatments of being inoculated with complex microbial communities were significantly lower than that of the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities with the same treatments were significantly higher than those of the control. However, turfgrass cultivars responded differently to drought under the treatments. With the treatment of inoculation of 200 times complex microbial communities diluent, leaf MDA content of Festuca arundinacea was 24.3% lower than that of control; while SOD, POD and CAT activities were 8.13, 1.53 and 2.47 times higher than that of control, respectively. For Lolium perenne, leaf MDA content decreased by 41.3% under the treatment of 100 times complex microbial communities diluent inoculation, while POD, CAT and SOD activities increased by 64.4%, 56.1% and 6.50 times respectively comparing with the control. The results also indicated that inoculation of complex microbial communities decreased proline and soluble protein contents in the leaves and enhanced excised leaf water retaining capacity. For Festuca arundinacea, with inoculation of 200 times complex microbial communities diluent, leaf proline and soluble protein contents were 30.1% and 78.6% lower than those of the control. While for Lolium perenne, leaf proline and soluble protein contents with treatment of 100 times complex microbial communities diluent decreased by 27.3% and 66.2% when compared with control. Excised leaf water retaining capacity of the two turfgrass cultivars with inoculation of complex microbial communities was higher than that of the control, and reached the maximum at inoculation of 200 times of complex microbial communities diluent for Festuca arundinacea and at inoculation of 100 times of complex microbial communities diluent for Lolium perenne.. These results suggest that complex microbial communities inoculation could effectively alleviate the damage of drought stress in plants through regulating their own protective enzyme activities and osmoregulation substance contents, and maintaining the normal physiological and metabolic function. This ability of complex microbial communities in improving drought resistance of turfgrass provides a feasible approach to establish turf in arid and semi-arid environment. This study also revealed the importance of selecting and cultivating different group of high efficient complex microbial communities from MSWC for different turf species/cultivars in coping with the drought stress in arid and semi-arid environment.