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东北草原羊草种群单穗数量性状的生态可塑性
引用本文:杨允菲,李建东.东北草原羊草种群单穗数量性状的生态可塑性[J].生态学报,2001,21(5):752-758.
作者姓名:杨允菲  李建东
作者单位:东北师范大学草地研究所,
基金项目:国家重点基础发展规划研究(G1999043407,95-22-02)、国家自然科学重点基金(3973 0110)和国家自然科学基金(39770536)资助项目
摘    要:羊草(Leymus chinensis(Trin.)Tzvel.)是一种多年生禾本科优良牧草。经过对东北草原3个固定样地连续12a,分别随机取样100个穗状花序的调查和测定,将羊草种群单穗数量性状的生态可塑性进行了统计分析,并且分别与不同生长发育阶段气候因子进行了相关分析。结果表明,羊草种群的单穗长度、小穗数和小花数的生态可塑性变化在样地内和样地间,以及年度内和年度间均达到了极显著水平。其中,均表现为年度内大于年度间,样地内大于样地间,样地间大于年度间。羊草种群单穗数量性状均与形成性状的生育期,及其以前各生育期不同阶段的光照时间、积温、降水量有着一定程度的相关关系。在整个冬性枝条生长发育期,较多的降水、较少的光照时间和较低的积温将对翌年幼穗分化及其生长有一定的促进作用,而较少的降水、较多的光照时间和较高的积温则有不利影响;从拔节到抽穗阶段较多的降水对幼穗分化具有一定的促进作用,但从返青到抽穗不同阶段较高的积温和较多的光照、以及返青初期较多的降水量则有着一定的不利影响。气候因子对羊草种群幼穗分化滞后效应的生态时间差可长达10个月。

关 键 词:羊草  穗长  小穗  小花  数量性状  气候因子  生态可塑性  东北草原
文章编号:1000-0933(2001)05-0752-07
收稿时间:1999/5/20 0:00:00
修稿时间:2000/3/23 0:00:00

The ecological plasticity of the quantitative characters for ear heads of Leymus chinensis population in natural meadow in northeast China
YANG Yunfei and LI Jiandong.The ecological plasticity of the quantitative characters for ear heads of Leymus chinensis population in natural meadow in northeast China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(5):752-758.
Authors:YANG Yunfei and LI Jiandong
Institution:Institute of Grassland Science; Northeast Normal University; Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology
Abstract:As a perennial forage, leymus chinensis (Trin.)Tzvel has a high potential in vegetative propagation,but low earring and fruiting rates in the natural conditions.This experiment was conducted on the three fixed plots in the natural meadow for the successive 12 years.The samples of 100 ear heads were taken at random in these plots.The ecological plasticity of the quantitative characters for L.chinensis ear heads,and its correlation to climatic factors in different growing and developing stages were analyzed statistically.The results showed that there were obviously significant variations in the length of ear heads,number of spikelets and florets of the population within plot and among plots,and within year and among years respectively.For the length of ear heads,number of spikelets and florets of L.chinensis there were larger variations within year than those among years,and in each plot than those among plots,and in plots than those among years.The quantitative characters of the ear heads were correlated to growing and developing stages,especial for the sunshine duration,accumulated temperatue and rainfall during these stages to some extent.During growing and developing stages for the winter tillers,the more rainfall and less sunshine time and lower accumulated temperature were of much benefit to yong ear differentiating growing next year,and the less rainfall and more sunshine duration and higher accumulated temperature were contrary.From jointing to earring stages,the young ear differentiation favored the more rainfall.However,from greening to earring stages,it was unfavorable for the higher accumulated temperature and more sunshine duration,and also for the more rainfall in early greening stages.With the effect of climatic factors the ecological time lap resulting in the differentiation of young ear heads of L.chinensis population was even 10 months.
Keywords:Leymus chinensis  length of ear head  spikelet  floret  quantitative character  climatic factor  ecological plasticity
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