氮沉降对外生菌根真菌的影响

综述了国外氮沉降对外生菌根真菌的影响研究现状 ,主要从菌根形成、形态 (菌丝体、菌根 )变化、子实体生产力和外生菌根真菌群落结构等方面对氮沉降的响应进行了综述 ,并初步探讨了氮饱和的临界负荷。研究表明 ,过量氮沉降会给外生菌根真菌在以下几个方面带来负影响 :(1)影响外生菌根真菌与寄主植物之间的养分分配和循环 ;(2 )降低子实体生产力 ;(3)减少菌丝 ;(4 )降低菌根量及其活力 ;(5 )降低外生菌根真菌丰富度 ;(6 )改变外生菌根真菌群落结构组成 ;(7)降低外生菌根真菌群落功能。还指出了未来该方面研究重点和方向

Effects of nitrogen deposition on ectomycorrhizal fungi

As a result of increasing anthropogenic nitrogen deposition, N availability in many forest ecosystems, which are normally N-limited, has been enhanced. Increased N availability may impact the ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) that are generally regarded as an adaptation to nutrient limited conditions. Based on available scientific knowledge the effects of nitrogen deposition on ectomycorrhizal fungi, including the formation of EMF, the change of extraradical mycelium and mycorrhizal, the productivity of the fruiting bodies and EMF structure are reviewed in this paper. The potential impacts were related to the following three aspects. Elevated nitrogen deposition would (1) affects the nutrient allocation and cycle between EMF and autoecious trees; (2) lead to a reduction of the productivity of fruit body, of the production of extraradical mycelium in soil, of the ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp abundance, and of the numbers and the productivity of mycorrhizal; (3) change structure and the function of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community. The critical load of forest nitrogen saturation and future research on EMF is also discussed in this paper.