广西灵川县种植业的可持续发展

广西是我国南方农业大省(区),明确其农业发展的制约因素,提出具体的解决措施,实现农业可持续发展,对解决农业、农村和农民问题,促进经济持续、快速、健康发展,实现社会主义现代化建设战略目标具有重要的理论和现实意义。主要采用了参与性农户评估方法(PRA),通过随机入户方式,与农户面对面交流,并结合调查问卷,对广西桂林市灵川县11个乡镇的农户进行了调查访问,为方便研究和数据处理,在数据分析过程中将该县11个乡镇分为3个片区:东部片区、中部片区、北部片区,对比3组农户的文化素质、种植制度、冬季农业现状、农业需求和农田水利设施等方面问题,探讨广西农业可持续发展的制约因素,并提出相应的对策,以期为广西农业可持续发展提供理论依据。调查结果表明,虽然目前灵川县农业取得众多发展成就,但仍存在以下几个方面的问题,严重影响了该县种植业可持续发展的进程。一是种植制度结构单一,二是冬季农业发展薄弱,三是种植技术贫乏,四是基础设施建设不完善等,因此,为促进灵川县种植业可持续发展,亟需采取以下对策和措施:调整作物种植结构,建立合理的种植制度;大力发展冬季农业;满足农民最迫切的农业需求;加强农业基础设施建设等。

Sustainable development of crop farming in Lingchuan County of Guangxi

As a big agricultural region in southern china, to uncover the factors involved in the restriction of agricultural development and propose specific solutions is therefore very important, the sustainable development of agriculture has important theoretical and realistic significance for solving the problems about agriculture, countryside and farmers, promoting economic development rapidly and healthy. The continued development of agriculture is a vital component of local and national economies, especially for solving the problems of countryside protection, low rural income levels, and declining agricultural output. This investigation used a participatory rural appraisal approach to interview farmers in Lingchuan County, a constituent local government area within the city. The study team contacted a random selection of rural households living in the 11 towns and villages that make up Lingchuan County and had face-to-face communication with farmers, supplemented by the distribution of a questionnaire. For the convenience of data processing and the actual research, the county was divided into three areas; the eastern area; the central area; the northern area. Exploration of the constraining factors on sustainable agricultural development in Guilin was achieved through comparing the three areas on farmer quality, planning systems, status of winter agriculture, and the demands of farmers for irrigation and water conservancy facilities or other infrastructure. Finally, we put forward corresponding countermeasures, to provide the theoretical basis for sustainable agriculture development in Guilin. The results of this study indicate that although the agricultural development of Lingchuan County has made many advances, there are still some problems that affect the process of sustainable development in local agriculture. These problems include the lack of scientific and cultural knowledge of the farmers; weak winter agriculture development in some areas; the unmet need for science and technology and technical training from farmers; and the poor construction and uneven distribution of irrigation and water conservation infrastructure. To achieve high and stable production levels a coordinated approach to these problems is needed. At first, a set of technical measures should be taken to build a sustainable farming system. First, farmers should plan to develop more economic crops under the premise of ensuring food production, so food production and economic benefits can be balanced. Additionally, farmers should take full advantage of their own resources and environment to develop innovative agricultural cropping patterns. As a second set of measures, farmers need to make full use of the warm winter light, abundant labor, and idle land resources to develop winter agriculture. Third, agricultural research departments in government and universities need to accelerate research and cultivate new crop varieties, agricultural extension departments need to promote and publicize these crop varieties, and business administration department should check and strengthen the enforcement of measures against fake seed. All departments need to work together to ensure that farmers can buy and plan good new crop varieties. Finally, the government should increase investment in agricultural infrastructure, which can provide favorable conditions for the sustainable development of agricultural land, such as improving water conditions, agricultural facilities, power grids and roads.