基于光谱指数的植物叶片叶绿素含量的估算模型

叶绿素是光合作用能力和植被发育阶段的指示器,是监测湿地植被生长健康状况的重要指标之一;高光谱遥感技术可以为植物叶绿素含量的定量化诊断提供简便有效、非破坏性的数据采集和处理方法。为保证被探测叶片面积相同,消除背景反射、叶片表面弯曲造成的光谱波动及叶片内部变异造成的影响,研究采用Field Spec 3光谱仪加载手持叶夹式叶片光谱探测器,测定野鸭湖湿地典型植物的叶片高光谱反射率数据,同时通过分光光度计室内测定相应叶片的叶绿素含量。采用相关性及单变量线性拟合分析技术,建立二者的关系模型,包括叶绿素含量与"三边"参数的相关模型以及比值光谱指数(SR)模型和归一化差值光谱指数(ND)模型,并采用交叉检验中的3K-CV方法对估算模型进行模型精度检验。结果表明:植物叶片叶绿素含量与"三边"参数大多都呈极显著相关,相关系数最大达到0.867;计算光谱反射率组成的比值(SR)和归一化(ND)光谱指数与叶绿素含量的决定系数,总体相关性比较高,较好的波段组合均为550—700nm与700—1400nm以及550—700nm与1600—1900nm,与叶绿素含量相关性最好的指数分别是SR(565nm,740nm)和ND(565nm,735nm)。并通过选取相关性最佳的光谱特征参数,分别基于"三边"参数和ND模型指数构建了植物叶片叶绿素含量的估算模型。其中,基于红边位置(WP_r)光谱特征参数和ND(565nm,735nm)光谱指数建立的叶绿素含量估算模型,取得了较好的测试效果,检验拟合方程的决定系数(R2)都达到0.8以上,估算模型分别为y=0.113x-78.74,y=5.5762x+4.4828。通过3K-CV方法进行测试和检验,植物叶绿素含量估算模型均取得了较为理想的预测精度,预测精度的分别为93.9%及90.7%。高光谱遥感技术对植被进行微弱光谱差异的定量分析,在植被遥感研究与应用中表现出强大优势,为植物叶绿素含量诊断中的实际应用提供了重要的理论依据和技术支持。

Estimation model for plant leaf chlorophyll content based on the spectral index content

Chlorophyll can be an indicator in photosynthesis capacity and vegetation developmental stages,which is also one of important indicators to monitor health status of wetland vegetation growth. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology can provide a simple, effective and non-destructive data acquisition, which can offer processing method for quantifying diagnosis plant chlorophyll content as well. This study used the Fieldspec 3 spectrometer and a plant probe leaf clip spectral detector to guarantee the spectrum are detected in the same area of the leaf, it is also eliminating the background reflectance, spectral fluctuations caused by bending of the blade surface and the impact caused by leaf internal variability. This study determined the typical wetland plants leaf hyperspectral reflectance data at Wild Duck Lake, and at the same time the corresponding leaf chlorophyll content was measured using a spectrophotometer indoor. The relationship between chlorophyll content and the Trilateral parameters, as well as the ratio of spectral index model (SR) and normalized difference spectral index (ND) were established respectively using linear regression model., then 3-Fold Cross Validation(3K-CV) was used to test the accuracy of the estimation model. The results showed that most of the "trilateral" parameters were significantly correlated with plant leaf chlorophyll content; the maximum correlation coefficient reached 0.867. The correlation coefficient between ratio (SR) and normalized (ND) and chlorophyll content were high in general. Suitable band combinations were 550-700 nm,700-1400nm, 550-700 nm and 1600-1900 nm. The best indices with highest correlation with chlorophyll content were SR (calculated from bands 565 nm and 740 nm) and ND (calculated from bands 565 nm and 735 nm). And then by choosing the best correlation spectrum characteristic parameters based on the Trilateral parameters and ND model index, a plant chlorophyll estimation model was constructed. Among them,a chlorophyll content estimation model established by Red edge position (WP_r) of spectral characteristic parameters and ND (565nm, 735nm) spectral index achieved better test results, and R² both reached above 0.8, the estimation model were y=0.113x-78.74, y=5.5762x +4.4828. Using 3K-CV method for testing and validation, the prediction accuracies of both plant leaf chlorophyll content estimation models were 93.9% and 90.7%, respectively. The quantitative analysis of hyperspectral remote sensing technology shows a strong advantage in detecting vegetation weak spectral differences and provides an important theoretical basis and technical support for the practical application in the diagnosis of plant chlorophyll content.