景观生态学在近海资源环境中的应用——论海洋景观生态学的发展

长期以来,景观生态学研究主要集中于陆地景观生态研究,并在土地利用、植被退化等方面取得了长足的进展,而在海洋领域涉足颇少.论述了景观生态学在海洋赤潮景观、海洋溢油景观、海域使用景观、滨海湿地景观、海岛景观和海洋环境污染景观等方面的应用前景,并就海洋景观生态学发展几点认识进行了深入探讨,如海洋景观的均质性与异质性、海洋景观格局与生态过程的关系、边缘效应与海岸带、海洋景观评价与评估、海洋景观模型等,目的是为景观生态学在海洋资源环境中的应用、海洋景观生态学的发展探索新的方向.

Application of landscape ecology in marine resources and environment: Discussion on oceomscape ecology development

Landscape ecology research has long been focused on the terrestrial landscapes, and has reached great achievements in many aspects, such as land-uses and vegetation degradation, whereas few attentions have been on the landscape issues with marine background. In this article, we discussed the application of landscape ecology principles on marine algae bloom, marine oil spill, sea uses, coastal wetland ecological processes, island landscape and marine pollution, and ect. Particularly, our discussion emphasizes on (1) the heterogeneity of the oceanscape and the relationships between its spatial patterns and ecological processes operating at the corresponding scales, (2) the edge effects and coastal zone management, (3) assessment of the patterns of the oceanscape, (4) spatio-temporal modeling for marine ecological systems.