基于生态足迹的大学食堂餐具生态影响分析

以生态足迹为定量分析方法,以广州大学食堂为例,分析计算了一次性餐具和公用餐具对生态环境的影响,并比较分析了各种型号的餐具生态足迹.分析了一次性餐具和公用餐具生产过程中的原料消耗及能耗.广州大学食堂所用的餐具主要为塑料制餐具、不锈钢餐具、木制和竹制筷子.消耗的资源主要为钢铁、乙烯、木材和竹材等,可归于化石能源地足迹和林地足迹.调查了公用餐具洗涤过程中的资源消耗,主要为洗涤过程中的水电消耗以及废水处理能耗,可归于化石能源地足迹和可耕地足迹.最后结合学校食堂餐具的使用方案,计算了一次性餐具和公用餐具(以1a为限)的生态足迹.研究表明,公用餐具组合的足迹为3.7236×10-3gm2(全球平方米,记为gm2),使用竹筷的一次性餐具组合足迹为2.2085×10-2 gm2,使用木筷一次性餐具组合足迹为9.3781×10-2gm2.公用餐具足迹是一次性餐具的3.97%～16.8%.此外,由于竹筷的足迹是木筷23.55%,因此使用竹筷能大大降低一次性餐具对生态的影响.

The ecological impact analysis of tableware in college canteen based on ecological footprint

In this paper, Guangzhou University as example, the ecological impact of disposable tableware and public tableware was quantitatively analyzed and compared by calculated theirs ecological footprint. Firstly, the consumption of material and energy used in making disposable and public tableware were analyzed. The tableware used in Guangzhou University canteen includes plastic tableware, stainless steel tableware, wooden chopsticks and bamboo chopsticks. The resource consumption includes ethylene, steel, wood and bamboo.Their footprint belong fossil energy footprint and forest footprint. And then, the resource consumption of clean for public tableware was investigated. It main include the electricity consumption of water, power and waste water treatment. Its footprint belong fossil energy footprint and arable land footprint. Finally, the ecological footprint of disposable tableware and public tableware (only use one year) was calculated on basis of different tableware match in college canteen. The results show that the footprint of public tableware match is 3.7236×10-3gm2, disposable table ware match (using bamboo chopsticks) is 2.2085×10-2 gm2 and disposable table ware match (using wooden chopsticks) is 9.3781×10-2gm2.The ecological footprint of public tableware is about 3.97%-16.8% of disposable tableware. In addition, because the footprint of bamboo chopsticks is 23.55% of wooden chopsticks, using bamboo chopsticks can effectively reduce the ecological impact of disposable tableware.