深圳市1988—2007年间湿地景观动态变化及成因分析

城市湿地是城市生态安全体系构成的重要组成部分。以深圳地区为工作区,利用多时段遥感资料和土地利用变更调查数据,进行1988—2007年期间工作区内湿地景观动态变化特征分析,探讨快速城市化背景下湿地景观动态变化的成因。结果表明,研究时段内深圳市湿地总面积损失了35.7%,不同湿地类型及不同行政单元内湿地的动态变化表现出明显差异。建设用地扩张是工作区内湿地损失的主要原因并且其影响表现为一种非均匀过程;功能差异是导致不同湿地类型之间动态变化差异的主要成因;区域社会经济和自然环境条件差异是导致不同行政单元之间湿地动态变化差异的主要影响因素。

Changes of the wetland landscape in Shenzhen City from 1988 to 2007 and the driving force analysis

Urban wetland is an important component of the urban ecological security system, and also is a hot topic of wetland study. This paper took Shenzhen City as an example, using multi-temporal remote sensing data and land-use survey data to build the multi -temporal wetland landscape maps through visual interpretation processes, analyzed the wetland landscape changes and driving forces in the context of urbanization. The present study included three aspects of analysis, i.e. the relationship between the change of wetland structure and the expansion of built-up area, spatial variation of the changes, and landscape transfer characteristics among different wetland types and between wetland types and non-wetland land-use types. This study showed that 35.7% of the total wetland area lost during the study period in Shenzhen City. The wetland changes varied with wetland type and administration units. Built-up area expansion, functional differences among wetland types, and the differences in regional socio-economic as well as natural environments were the three major driving forces of the change. The built-up area expansion was the major cause of the wetland loss in the study area, and its impact showed a non-uniform process. Functional difference was the major reason causing the differences in landscape change among wetland types. In addition, regional socio-economic and natural environmental differences possibly are among the major factors leading to the differences of wetland dynamics among different administrative units.