重庆市生态功能区的划分

生态功能又称生态服务功能,是指生态系统与生态过程所形成及所维持的人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用.生态功能区划是研究生态系统生态功能,判断生态系统分异和变化特征,提出生态退化恢复策略的基础.重庆市生态功能区划采用3级分区（自然生态区、生态亚区和生态功能区）的等级体系,采用定性与定量相结合的方法进行区划.其中,自然生态区的划分以自然环境因素中的地貌因子为主要指标,采用聚类分析法与图形叠置法来进行;生态亚区的划分采用选取形成生态系统特征、影响生态服务功能的特征因子进行聚类分析,并辅之以主成分分析法来完成;生态功能区的划分以生态敏感性评价和生态服务功能重要性的评价结果为依据,采用主导标志法进行区域划分.区划界线的拟订采用专家智能集成、数理统计分析与GIS的空间表达相结合的方法.最后将重庆市生态功能区划分为4个自然生态区,7个生态亚区,13个生态功能区.

Regionalization of ecological function in Chongqing City, China

The natural environment and its effectiveness sustained by ecosystem for human life are defined as ecological function or ecological service function. Ecological function regionalization is the basis for understanding the services of ecosystem,evaluating differences and characteristics of eco-system,and identifying countermeasures for resuming degraded ecosystem.Based on the general scheme of ecological regionalization in China,sensitive eco-region of Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Chongqing City was outlined in this study.In this paper,a comprehensive analysis of the ecological environment in Chongqing City was performed and the principals of ecological function regionalization were discussed.Three levels units(physical eco-region,sub-eco-region,and eco-function region) and a comprehensive method of combing quantitative analyses with qualitative analyses were utilized for the regionalization.The main qualitative analyses performed in the regionalization included superimposed graphics and a method of dominant indication;and the quantitative analyses in the regionalization included cluster and principal component analyses.Taking geomorphologic factors as main indexes,physical eco-regions were divided by the cluster analysis and the superimposed graphics.Factors forming features of ecosystem and influencing ecological service function were selected as indexes;sub-eco-regions were divided by the cluster and principal component analyses.To assess the ecological sensitivity and the importance of ecological service function,eco-function regions were divided by the method of dominant indication.Intelligent determination,statistical analysis,and geographical information system(GIS) were taken into account to determine boundary lines of delineation.The results showed that Chongqing Municipality could be ecological characterized as 4 first-level unit areas(physical eco-region),7 second-level areas(sub-eco-region) and 13 third-level areas(eco-function region).