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生态功能区划理论研究进展
引用本文:蔡佳亮,殷贺,黄艺.生态功能区划理论研究进展[J].生态学报,2010,30(11):3018-3027.
作者姓名:蔡佳亮  殷贺  黄艺
作者单位:1. 北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京,100871
2. 北京大学城市与环境学院,北京,100871
基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目 (2008ZX07526-002)
摘    要:作为生态系统管理的重要手段,开展科学合理的生态功能区划,已成为世界各国走向可持续发展所面临的关键挑战之一。生态功能区划针对一定区域内自然地理环境分异性、生态系统多样性、以及经济与社会发展不均衡性的现状,结合自然资源保护和可持续开发利用的思想,整合与分异生态系统服务功能对区域人类活动影响的生态敏感性,将区域空间划分为不同生态功能区的研究过程。生态功能区划反映了基于景观特征的主要生态模式,强调了不同时空尺度的景观异质性。通过梳理生态功能区划的概念与内涵、形成与发展及其理论基础,提出了生态功能区划是以恢复区域持续性、完整性的生态系统健康为目标,基于区域的自然地理背景,界定生态功能分区及其子系统的边界,结合区域水陆生态系统、社会经济与土地利用的现状评价与问题诊断,识别生态系统空间格局的分布特征、生态过程的关键因子以及动态演替的驱动因子,明确影响生态系统服务功能的景观格局与结构、景观过程与功能以及景观动态变化,构建生态功能区划的指标体系与技术体系,实现生态功能多级区划,并为决策者更为全面和综合地开展生态系统管理提供科学依据。

关 键 词:生态功能区划  生态系统服务功能  景观异质性  生态系统健康  生态系统管理
收稿时间:4/6/2009 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2009/7/28 0:00:00

Ecological function regionalization: a review
CaiJiaLiang,HuangYi,YinHe,SuYu and GuoHuaiCheng.Ecological function regionalization: a review[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(11):3018-3027.
Authors:CaiJiaLiang  HuangYi  YinHe  SuYu and GuoHuaiCheng
Institution:Peking University,Peking University,,,
Abstract:Ecological Function Regionalization (EFR) is viewed as one of the most important strategies to support ecosystem management and sustainable development worldwide. EFR is a systematic method for classifying and mapping ecological unit at the regional scale, based on integrating the information of the nature and distribution of ecosystems, as well as ecological patterns and processes and the interrelationships among social, physical, and biological systems. Depending on different temporal and spatial scales, ecological units are designed to exhibit similar patterns in many characteristics associated with landscape heterogeneity. This paper presents a comprehensive review of EFR theories, describes the EFR definitions and concepts, examines the underlying principles for EFR, and shows how the framework for ecological unit designing can be used in resource planning and management. This study is aimed to provide a systematic method for ecological unit recognizing and mapping, considering how we understand the spatial distribution of ecosystems and how to achieve regional sustainability and ecosystem health. The driving factors were then recognized to better measure the effects to the ecological pattern and process at different temporal and spatial scales. Finally, we propose a classification framework for EFR to benefit decision making on regional ecosystem management.
Keywords:ecological function regionalization  ecosystem services  landscape heterogeneity  ecosystem health  ecosystem management
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