森林文化价值评估指标体系和方法研究

森林具有生态、经济、社会和文化等多种功能和多重价值。森林文化价值是人类与森林生态系统长期交往互动、和谐共生中所发育形成并提供人们的精神服务和文化产品的总和,作为森林资源价值构成的重要组成部分,其价值评估理论和方法尚在探索完善中。通过理论分析和案例验证结合的方法,提出了"人与森林共生时间"的核心理论和森林文化价值评估方法,构建了包括8项一级指标、22项二级指标、53项指标因子的森林文化价值评估指标体系,核定了指标权重和综合指标系数,并对森林文化价值物理量和价值量开展评估。研究发现,森林文化价值与人在森林中停留、互动共生的时间成正比,人与森林的共生时间是相对的和动态变化的;其价值高低,与自然力的作用、森林资源要素和环境结构密切相关;不同区域森林文化价值存在梯度差异。通过我国各省区市案例结果表明,森林文化价值量与森林覆盖率、森林常驻人口、森林质量、森林的文化和自然遗产、森林游憩和森林的文化产业、区域居民收入呈现正相关关系。

Forest cultural value evaluation index system and methodology

Forests have multiple functions and values including ecological, economic, social and cultural aspects. The cultural value of the forest is the sum of the long-term interaction and harmonious symbiosis between human and forest ecosystem, which provides the spiritual services and cultural products of people. As an important component of the value of forest resources, forest cultural value evaluation theory and methods are still being explored and improved. Through the combination of theoretical analysis and case verification, this paper puts forward the core theory of "the symbiosis time between man and forest" and the evaluation method of forest cultural value, and constructs 8 primary indicators, 22 secondary indicators, and 53 index factors. The index weight and comprehensive index coefficient are verified, and the physical quantity and value of forest cultural value are also evaluated in this paper.The results indicate that the forest cultural value is directly proportional to the time that people stay in the forest and interact with each other. The symbiosis time between people and forest is relatively and dynamically changing; its value is closely related to the role of natural forces, forest resource elements and environmental structure. There are gradient differences in forest cultural values in different regions. The case study results of various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China show that the value of forest cultural value is positively correlated with forest coverage, forest permanent population, forest quality, forest culture and natural heritage, forest recreation and forest cultural industry, and regional residents'' income.