舟山海域大中型浮游动物群落时空变化及受控要素

为更好地保护舟山海域的渔业资源和生态环境,了解舟山海域浮游动物组成的时空变化,于2014年到2017年对舟山海域33个站位开展4个季节的生态综合调查,结果表明:4个航次共鉴定出浮游动物成体88种和浮游幼体19类,优势种共12种,浮游动物的优势种更替和群落特征季节变化明显,春夏、夏秋、秋冬、冬春相邻季节优势种更替率分别为75%、80%、100%和60%;平均生物量为夏季(176.34 mg/m³)>春季(120.20 mg/m³)和秋季(86.28 mg/m³)>冬季(7.21 mg/m³);平均丰度为夏季(143.97个/m³)>春季(86.30个/m³)>秋季(21.38个/m³)和冬季(26.86个/m³);平均多样性指数:夏季(3.03)>秋季(2.82)>春季(2.05)>冬季(1.71)。舟山海域浮游动物群落具有明显的季节和区域差异,温度、盐度、Chl a和营养盐是影响舟山浮游动物群落时空变化的主要环境因素,其中春季浮游动物群落空间分布主要受盐度的影响,夏季主要受温度、盐度和Chl a的影响,秋季主要受Chl a的影响,冬季主要受悬浮物和溶解氧的影响,而营养盐对每个季节的浮游动物群落分布都有一定的影响。

Spatio-temporal variation of marco and mesozooplankton communities and the controlling factors around Zhoushan archipelago

To protect the fishery resources and ecological environment around the Zhoushan Archipelago, we conducted a comprehensive ecological survey in the Zhoushan sea area from 2014 to 2017. We examined both the temporal and spatial changes in the zooplankton community at 33 sampling stations. During each of the four cruises-in the spring, summer, winter, and fall-we identified 88 species of zooplankton adults and 19 species of zooplankton juveniles, including 12 dominant species. The dominant species and zooplankton community characteristics changed significantly with the seasons. The replacement rates of dominant species were 75% from spring to winter, 80% from summer to autumn, 100% from autumn to winter, and 60% from winter to spring. The average biomass from highest to lowest was 176.34 mg/m³ in summer, 120.20 mg/m³ in spring, 86.28 mg/m³ in autumn, and 7.21 mg/m³ in winter. The average abundance from highest to lowest was 143.97 ind/m³ in summer, 86.30 ind/m³ in spring, 21.38 ind/m³ in autumn, and 26.86 ind/m³ in winter. The average diversity index was the highest in summer (3.03), followed by autumn (2.82), spring (2.05), and then winter (1.71). The zooplankton community in the Zhoushan sea area exhibited significant seasonal and regional differences. Temperature, salinity, Chl a, and nutrients were the main environmental factors influencing the spatio-temporal variation in the zooplankton community around the Zhoushan Archipelago. The spatial distribution of the zooplankton community was mainly affected by salinity in spring; temperature, salinity, and Chl a in summer; Chl a in autumn; and suspended solids and dissolved oxygen in winter. Meanwhile, the nutrients had a certain influence in each season.