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中国农业生态效率评价方法与实证——基于非期望产出的SBM模型分析
引用本文:潘丹,应瑞瑶.中国农业生态效率评价方法与实证——基于非期望产出的SBM模型分析[J].生态学报,2013,33(12):3837-3845.
作者姓名:潘丹  应瑞瑶
作者单位:1. 江西财经大学鄱阳湖生态经济研究院,南昌,330013
2. 南京农业大学经济管理学院,南京,210095
基金项目:教育部人文社科规划基金项目,国家社会科学基金重大项目,国家自然科学基金项目
摘    要:生态效率是衡量经济与资源环境协调发展的重要指标.基于将农业面源污染作为非期望产出的考量,在对传统DEA模型进行修正的基础上,采用非径向、非角度的SBM模型对中国30个省份的农业生态效率进行了测算,并给出了农业生态效率的改善途径.研究结果表明:1998-2009年中国农业生态效率虽然呈现缓慢上升态势,但整体仍处于较低水平,除北京、上海、海南、重庆外,其余省市都需要改变投入和产出来优化农业生态效率;资源的过度消耗和环境污染物的过量排放是农业生态效率损失的主要原因.提高资源利用效率、降低资源消耗量和环境污染物的排放量是农业生态效率改善的重要途径.

关 键 词:农业生态效率  非期望产出  SBM模型
收稿时间:7/8/2012 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2013/3/11 0:00:00

Agricultural eco-efficiency evaluation in China based on SBM model
PAN Dan and YING Ruiyao.Agricultural eco-efficiency evaluation in China based on SBM model[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(12):3837-3845.
Authors:PAN Dan and YING Ruiyao
Institution:Institute of Poyang Lake Eco-economics, Jiangxi University of Finance & Economics, Nanchang 330013, China;College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Abstract:Agricultural eco-efficiency which combines both economic and environmental performance is an effective tool for agricultural sustainability analysis. Taking China's 30 provinces as case regions, We applied a SBM model of DEA to measure the agricultural eco-efficiency from 1998 to 2009. The SBM model of DEA is non-radical, non-oriented and considers the agricultural non-point source pollution as an undesirable output in the calculating process which is different from the other existing models. Fertilizer, animal, labor, machine, sown area and water consumption were considered as input indicators, provincial agricultural output value and agricultural non-point source pollution were considered as desirable output indicaor and undesirable output indicaor respectively. The main results are summarized as follows:(1)Agricultural eco-efficiency in China during 1998-2009 is 0.499 which is very low, this implies China's agricultural economic rapid growth is at the expense of natural resources destruction and agriculture environmental pollution, the coordination task of agricultural economic growth and environmental protection and resource saving is very difficult in China; (2)Agricultural eco-efficiency of Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hainan is equal to one, this demonstrates that these four provinces have efficiency of resources utilization and environment protection for their agricultural economy, but the agricultural eco-efficiency of the other 26 provinces are below one showing that most provinces in China have inefficiency of resources utilization and environment protection for their agricultural economy; (3)Moreover, in order to promote agricultural eco-efficiency in these 26 provinces, the inputs optimization and outputs optimization were designed based on optimization principles. The optimization results show that agricultural output value(agricultural desirable output) has no congestion in all provinces, so the agricultural eco-inefficiency is mostly attributed to inputs and undesirable output. China has enormous potential on the reduction of agricultural non-point source pollution and on the decrease of resource inputs to improve the agricultural eco-efficiency. The eco-efficiency optimization provides deeper insights into the causes of eco-inefficiency and gives further implications on resource and environment protection strategies in China. Our results also showed that the SBM model could be used as a useful tool to reflect the eco-efficiency in a defined region and help governments at various levels to find the most optimized solutions in improving their eco-efficiencies.
Keywords:agricultural eco-efficiency  undesirable output  SBM model
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