有机污染物芘胁迫下白菜生理特性变化规律

为探究多环芳烃芘对白菜生理特性的影响，通过盆栽实验对华北地区常见的11种白菜进行不同浓度芘胁迫下的培养，研究白菜生理指标的变化规律。结果表明：白菜的种类和芘的浓度对白菜生理指标（生物量、丙二醛、叶绿素）均有显著影响，且随芘浓度变化，不同种类白菜的生理指标呈现不同的变化规律。白菜的生物量随芘的添加呈现两种变化：一是随芘添加浓度增加白菜生物量逐渐下降；二是在中低浓度芘（5、15、45 mg/kg）处理白菜生物量升高，高浓度（135、405 mg/kg）胁迫下生物量下降。白菜的丙二醛（MDA）含量随芘浓度的增加，表现出3种不同规律：各浓度之间均无显著性差异，MDA含量逐渐升高，以及显著低于对照组。叶绿素含量随芘浓度的增加，主要呈现出先下降后上升和逐渐上升2种变化趋势。京春白（JCB）和中白50（ZB-50）对芘的胁迫具有良好的耐受性，生理指标变化较小；中浓度芘胁迫下京翠60（JC-60）和京春绿（JCL）较为敏感，高浓度下京秋65（JQ-65）和吉红308（JH-308）生理指标变化显著，可以作为中低浓度和高浓度芘污染土壤指示作物。

Analysis of physiological characteristics of Chinese cabbages under pyrene stress

In order to explore the effects of Pyrenes, one kind of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, on vegetables, eleven kinds of Chinese cabbages, which are common varieties in North China, were cultured with the treatments of different concentrations of pyrene through pot experiments. We analyzed the physiological characteristics based on three indicators, including biomass, malondialdehyde, and chlorophyll. The results showed that different treatments of pyrene concentrations had significant effects on the physiological characteristics of various species of Chinese cabbage. There were two results of the pyrenes on biomass of Chinese cabbage: one was that biomass gradually decreased with the increase of pyrene concentrations; the other was that biomass increased with the treatment of low and medium concentration stress (5, 15, 45 mg/kg), and decreased with the treatment of high concentration (135, 405 mg/kg). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in Chinese cabbage showed rather different with the treatments of pyrene concentration: (1) no significant difference among the different treatments; (2) gradually increase of MDA with the treatment of increase concentrations of pyrene; and (3) significantly lower than the control group. As to the content of chlorophyll in the Chinese cabbage, there were two different results with the treatment of pyrene, such as rising with the treatment of low and medium concentration of pyrene, then decreasing under high concentration, and gradually increase of chlorophyll with the increase of the concentration of pyrene. The species of Chinese cabbages, such as JCB and ZB-50, were observed to have the characteristics of well tolerance to the stress of pyrene, based on no significant changes of the above physiological indicators. The species of JC-60 and JCL were more sensitive with the treatment of medium concentration of pyrene, while species of JQ-65 and JH-308 showed more sensitive at high concentrations of pyrene. These could be indicative vegetable for the contaminated soil with low, medium, or high concentrations of pyrene.