洪河国家级自然保护区最小生态需水量与补水分析

湿地生态水文及其水资源优化配置已成为湿地研究中的重大科学问题之一.该研究基于湿地最小生态水位,以湿地静态补水与动态补水的定量方法,对洪河国家级自然保护区湿地最小生态需水量进行估算.研究结果表明:洪河湿地最小生态水位为51.5 m,静态需水量1863×104 m3,动态补水方案为1级补水量867.4×104 ～ 1518.0×104 m3/月,2级补水量693.9×104 ～ 1214.4×104 m3/月,3级补水量520.4×104 ～ 910.8×104 m3/月,4级补水量173.5×104 ～ 303.6×104 m3/月,5级补水量0.0×104 m3/月.研究确定的最小生态水位具有一定科学性,湿地生态水位提高30cm,能够为该区湿地植被群落的水生演替提供适宜生境.该研究结果可为其他湿地自然保护区的科学、有效管理提供理论依据.

The least ecological water demand and water supplement for wetland in Honghe National Nature Reserve

Ecological hydrology and water resources optimal distribution has become one of the great scientific research directions. Based on the lowest ecological water level for wetlands, the lowest ecological water demand volumes in Honghe national wetland reserve were estimated by a quantitative combination method of static and dynamic valid ecological water supplements. The results showed that the lowest ecological water level of study area was 51.5m, static water demand was 1863.0×104 m3, and dynamic ecological water supplement distribution as follows, supplement volume per month of first level was 867.4×104-1518.0×104m3, second level 693.9×104-1214.4×104m3, third level 520.4×104-910.8×104m3, fourth level 173.5×104-303.6×104 m3 and fifth level 0.0×104m3. The lowest ecological water level computed by this study was scientific in a sense. The ecological water level enhanced by 30m could provide appropriate environment for hydrophytic succession of wetland plants. It was expected that the results of this study could suggest on effective management of other wetland nature reserves.