格网尺度下典型旅游城市生态服务价值估算和时空分异特征——以三亚为例

以典型旅游城市三亚市为案例地，利用2006-2018年4期Landsat遥感影像数据，借助ENVI、ArcGIS平台定量识别土地利用演变特征，在1km×1km格网尺度下估算旅游地生态系统服务价值，并结合空间探索性数据分析揭示生态系统服务价值时空分异特征及其与旅游地发展的时空耦合关系。结果表明：（1）2006-2018年间，三亚市生态系统服务价值总量呈逐年下降趋势，由6.73×10⁹元降至5.76×10⁹元，累计减少9.78×10⁸元；（2）空间格局上，三亚市呈"南低北高"空间分异格局，2006-2018年增值区域连片分布于崖州区、天涯区、吉阳区南部区域，且呈逐年减少趋势，减值区域集聚于天涯区东北部、海棠区；（3）空间集聚上，生态系统服务价值截面各年份均呈显著空间正相关且相关性先降后增。高高集聚区位于天涯区北部区域，低低集聚区分布于沿海、海湾地区；（4）旅游发展与生态系统服务价值时空演化特征关联性较强。三亚市天涯区北部林地生态环境良好，生态系统服务价值略有下降但绝对数值稳定，是生态系统服务价值主要来源；旅游发展较为迅速的三亚湾、崖州湾以及海棠湾，相对增值区域较多，但绝对生态系统服务价值损失显著，严重滞后于其他区域。

Ecosystem service value estimation and spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of typical tourism cities at grid scale: a case of Sanya

Taking Sanya, a typical tourist city, as a case study, this paper uses Landsat remote sensing image data of four periods from 2006 to 2018, quantitatively identifies the land use evolution characteristics with ENVI and ArcGIS platform, and estimates the ecosystem service value(ESV) of tourism destination at the scale of 1km×1km. Combined with spatial exploratory data analysis, the spatiotemporal differentiation of ecosystem service value and its spatio-temporal coupling relationship with tourism development is revealed. The results are as follows:(1) From 2006 to 2018, the total value of ecosystem services in Sanya decreased from 6.73 billion to 5.76 billion, a cumulative decrease of 978 million. (2) From 2006 to 2018, the value-added areas were distributed in Yazhou District, Tianya District and the southern Jiyang District, showing a decreasing trend year by year. The impairment areas were concentrated in the northeast of Tianya District and Haitang District. (3) In the spatial agglomeration, the ecosystem service value showed significantly positive spatial correlation and the correlation decreased first and then increased. The high concentration area is located in the northern Tianya District, and the low concentration area is distributed in the coastal and gulf areas. (4) The tourism development and the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem service value are closely related. The woodland ecological environment in northern Tianya District of Sanya City is good. The ESV slightly decreased, but the absolute value was stable, which is the main source of ecosystem service value. Sanya Bay, Yazhou Bay and Haitang bay with rapid tourism development have more relative value-added areas, but the absolute ESV loss is significant, seriously lagging behind other areas.