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土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响
引用本文:裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,吴芹,徐志强,徐萍.土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
作者姓名:裴斌  张光灿  张淑勇  吴芹  徐志强  徐萍
作者单位:山东省土壤侵蚀与生态修复重点实验室/山东农业大学林学院/国家林业局泰山森林生态站,泰安,271018
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB416904);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30872003)
摘    要:在半干旱黄土丘陵区,采用盆栽控水试验,通过测定3年生沙棘苗木在8个土壤水分梯度下的光合速率、叶绿素荧光、抗氧化酶活性等光合生理生化指标,探讨沙棘叶片光合作用在土壤干旱逐渐加重过程中的变化过程、机制及其与土壤水分的定量关系.结果表明:(1)土壤相对含水量(RWC)在38.9%-70.5%范围内,随干旱胁迫加重,沙棘的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)明显下降,而气孔限制值(Ls)显著上升,即Pn下降主要是由气孔限制造成的;当RWC<38.9%时,干旱胁迫继续加剧,Pn和Ls都降低,而Ci显著上升,即Pn下降的主要原因已经转变为非气孔因素的限制.(2)土壤适度水分胁迫能够提高沙棘叶片的水分利用效率(WUE),维持沙棘Pn和WUE处于较高水平的RWC范围为58.6%-82.9%和48.3%-70.5%.(3)土壤干旱加重过程中,沙棘的最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率ΦPSⅡ,光化学猝灭(qP)均表现出逐渐降低的趋势,而初始荧光(Fo)显著升高,非光化学猝灭(NPQ)则表现出先上升后下降的趋势;RWC在38.9%-70.5%的范围内,热耗散是沙棘重要光保护机制;RWC<38.9%时,PSⅡ受到损伤,电子传递受阻.(4)土壤干旱加重过程中,沙棘叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性表现出先升高后降低的趋势,丙二醛(MDA)含量则表现出逐级递增趋势;土壤干旱程度在RWC为48.3%-70.5%时,对沙棘叶片的抗氧化酶系统活性有诱导作用;而土壤干旱到严重胁迫(RWC<38.9%)时,沙棘叶片的抗氧化酶系统损伤,抗氧化酶活性下降,细胞膜遭到破坏.土壤干旱程度在RWC为48.3%-70.5%时,沙棘叶片可以通过热耗散和酶活性调节协同作用,稳定光合机构的正常功能,Pn下降的主要原因是气孔限制;而干旱到严重胁迫(RWC<38.9%)时,PSⅡ系统和抗氧化酶系统损伤,是光合作用发生非气孔限制的主要原因.在半干旱黄土丘陵区,沙棘生长所允许的最大土壤水分亏缺在RWC为38.9%,维持沙棘具有较高WUE和Pn的土壤水分阈值为RWC在58.6%-70.5%之间.

关 键 词:沙棘  干旱胁迫  气体交换  叶绿素荧光  抗氧化酶活性
收稿时间:2012/9/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:1/9/2013 12:00:00 AM

Effects of soil drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. seedings
PEI Bin,ZHANG Guangcan,ZHANG Shuyong,WU Qin,XU Zhiqiang and XU Ping.Effects of soil drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. seedings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
Authors:PEI Bin  ZHANG Guangcan  ZHANG Shuyong  WU Qin  XU Zhiqiang and XU Ping
Institution:Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Taian Shandong, 271018, China
Abstract:
Keywords:Hippophae rhamnoides Linn    drought stress  gas exchange  chlorophyll fluorescence  antioxidant enzyme activity
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