生态系统生产总值的内涵、核算框架与实施条件——统计视角下的设计与论证

基于已有研究和中国当前实践,对GEP的内涵和核算框架进行理论论证,以期为GEP的后续应用开发提供基本规范。(1)辨析当前GEP已有定义,提出了经过优化的GEP定义:特定时期内一区域生态系统为经济生产和人类其他活动提供的最终产出价值,具体包括生态供应品、生态调节服务和生态文化服务三个组成部分。(2)确定GEP在以下两个方面的应用价值:辅助GDP评价区域发展业绩;为区域生态补偿提供标准。(3)参照国内生产总值(GDP)核算原理,设计出一套生态系统供应品和服务供给表和使用表,在此基础上生成了规范的GEP核算表和核算方法。(4)将框架设计落实到GEP核算实施层面,提出了后续需要考虑的相关分类体系、关键节点、实物和价值核算方法设计等重要问题及解决思路。

The connotation, accounting framework, and implementation conditions of the Gross Ecosystem Product-design and argumentation from the perspective of statistics

In response to the needs of ecological civilization construction, an upsurge of experimental accounting of Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) has been set off in recent years in China. Nonetheless, the fundamental research on GEP is still lagging behind. Based on the international literature and current practices in China, this paper discusses the connotation and accounting framework of GEP in order to provide guidance for applications of GEP in the future. (1) By analyzing the existing GEP definitions, this paper proposes an improved GEP definition:the gross value of final provisions and services that are provided by ecosystems for economic production and other human activities in a specific area in a given period of time, including three components:the values of provisioning products, the value of regulating services and the value of cultural services. (2) Considering the requirements of China''s ecological civilization construction, this paper clarifies two applications of GEP. One is to assist GDP to evaluate the regional development performances, and the other is to determine the regional ecological compensation standards. (3) The supply table and the use table of provisioning products, regulating services and cultural services are designed according to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) accounting principles, and a normal set of GEP accounting tables and accounting methods are formed. (4) This paper proposes some essential issues and their solutions for implementation of GEP accounting framework, including related classification systems, key nodes, and the design of accounting methods in physical and monetary terms.