“山水林田湖草生命共同体”要素关联性分析——以长白山地区为例

对“山水林田湖草生命共同体”各要素相互关系的深入理解是对其实行保护、系统治理的重要基础。本研究以长白山地区为研究对象，利用空间叠置分析法定量分析该地区“山水林田湖草生命共同体”各要素间的关联性，解构各要素的关系以及相互影响程度，并量化其依存关系。研究结果显示：研究区内各市人口数量、城镇面积与耕地面积呈显著正相关关系（人口数量：R²=0.789，P < 0.05； 城镇面积：R²=0.863，P < 0.05）；耕地的分布与地表水体的分布具有较高的空间相关性（r=0.812），两者的数量关系也呈显著正相关（R²=0.96，P < 0.01）；区内河流分布、土壤类型与地形、地貌密切相关；区内各市水土流失面积与其森林覆盖率呈显著线性负相关关系（R²=0.824，P < 0.05）。由此可见，6个要素之间存在很明显的依存关系。因此，长白山地区“山水林田湖草生命共同体”的保护与修复应该重视各要素之间的联系，针对其系统性和整体性特征实施相应的保护和治理。

Correlation analysis of elements in the mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands life community: using Changbai mountains as an example

Understanding the internal relationships among elements of the mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands life community is an important basis for its protection and systematic management. This study quantitatively analyzed internal relationships among elements of the mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands life community in Changbai Mountains via spatial overlay analysis. Our results showed that the population and urban area in Changbai mountains were significantly positively correlated with the cropland area (population:R²=0.789,P < 0.05; urban area:R²=0.863, P < 0.05). Distribution of cropland was spatially correlated with the distribution of surface water (r=0.812). Cropland area was positively correlated with surface water area (R²=0.96, P < 0.01). The patterns of river and soil-type distribution were closely related to topography and landform in this region. There was a significant negative linear correlation between soil erosion area and forest coverage in Changbai mountains (R²=0.824, P < 0.05). Therefore, we believe that protection and restoration of the mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands life community in Changbai Mountains should focus on the internal relationships among the six elements and carry out corresponding projects in terms of their systematic and holistic characteristics.