三峡库区消落带重建植被下土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量特征

为探究三峡库区消落带植被重建后,土壤微生物生物量含量特征及影响因素,对忠县消落带人工重建植被土壤及裸地土壤(作为对照)微生物生物量碳氮含量进行了调查研究。结果表明:(1)在消落带165-175 m高程土壤微生物生物量碳含量草地林地农耕地裸地,微生物生物量氮含量规律与微生物生物量碳一致,农耕地明显提高;土壤微生物生物量总体呈现出草地最高、林地和农耕地次之,裸地最低的趋势,表明进行消落带植被恢复对土壤微生物生物量有显著的促进作用。(2)不同植被类型下,土壤微生物生物量碳氮比变化范围为8.02-10.25,土壤微生物生物量碳、氮占土壤有机碳、全氮的百分比范围分别是2.40%-4.60%和2.13%-3.58%,其中林地对土壤碳、氮库贡献显著高于裸地(P0.05)。(3)土壤微生物生物量碳、氮与土壤有机碳、全氮和pH值呈现显著相关性,与土壤含水量呈现极显著相关性,说明消落带重建植被土壤的这些理化性质对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量有强烈的影响。因此,在三峡库区消落带进行植被恢复重建能显著提高土壤微生物生物量及土壤质量,对加强三峡库岸生态系统的稳定性具有重要意义。

Characteristics of soil microbial biomass C and N under revegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region

Operation of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir on the Yangtze River, China, has formed a hydro-fluctuation belt with an annual water level change of near 30 m spanning and an area of 350 km². Such a change in water level has led to a direct shift in plant community composition within the hydro-fluctuation belt. Different vegetation types alter the riparian soil environment to varying extents, via their influence on the biogeochemical cycles of materials such as soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. Accordingly, by determining the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial biomass under different vegetation types, we can provide useful information for vegetation restoration in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. To explore the changes in re-vegetated soil quality in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir, we examined the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) in this region. Soils under four typical vegetation types (natural grassland, artificial timber forest, crop land, and unplanted soil) were investigated in the reservoir riparian region of Zhong County (107°32''-108°14''E, 30°03''-30°35''N), located in the center of Chongqing Municipality. The results showed that both SMBC and SMBN content was the highest in natural grassland and the lowest in unplanted soil. Under different types of vegetation, the ratio of SMBC/SMBN ranged from 8.02 to 10.25, the ratio of SMBC/soil organic carbon (SOC) was 2.40%-4.60%, and the ratio of SMBN/total nitrogen (TN) was 2.13%-3.58%. The SMBC/SOC and SMBN/TN ratios of forest soils were significantly higher than those of the unplanted soil (both P < 0.05). Soil microbial biomass was significantly correlated with SOC, TN, and soil pH, and very significantly correlated with soil moisture. Our study showed that the physical and chemical properties of soil under revegetation had a significant impact on both SMBC and SMBN. Thus, revegetation facilitated an increase soil microbial biomass and enhanced soil quality in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.