重点脆弱生态区生态系统服务权衡与协同关系时空特征

目前,有关生态系统服务权衡与协同关系的研究多集中在局地尺度,在宏观尺度上的研究较少。重点脆弱生态区是我国改善生态环境的主要目标区域,在定量评估我国重点脆弱生态区1990—2015年土壤保持、植被净初级生产力(NPP)和产水服务的基础上,利用相关系数法并结合植被分布场数据对生态系统服务权衡与协同关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)26年间,重点脆弱生态区的土壤保持服务、NPP、产水服务呈现出南多北少的分布格局,且3种服务的年际变化较小,但均有上升的趋势;(2)重点脆弱生态区的3种生态系统服务之间是整体上协同,局部权衡的关系,并且协同关系呈减弱的趋势;(3)生态恢复区的生态系统服务的协同程度大于非生态恢复区,权衡关系减弱的动态变化趋势高于非生态恢复区。定量评估生态系统服务权衡与协同关系的时空特征,有利于研究生态系统服务之间相互关系在时间上的非线性和空间上的异质性,对重点脆弱生态区生态系统的可持续发展具有重要意义。

Spatial-temporal characteristics of trade-off and synergy of ecosystem services in key vulnerable ecological areas in China

Until now, studies on trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services were mostly on a local scale. Key vulnerable ecological areas have been the main target areas for improving the ecological environment in China. Based on the quantitative assessment of soil conservation, vegetation net primary productivity (NPP), and water production services in key vulnerable ecological areas of China from 1990 to 2015, we studied the trade-off and synergy of ecosystem services using the correlation coefficient method and vegetation continuous fields (VCF) data. The results showed that:(1) during the 26 years, the soil conservation services, NPP and water production services in key vulnerable ecological areas showed a distribution pattern of more south and less north, and the interannual variations of the three services were smaller, but they all had an upward trend; (2) the three ecosystem services in the investigated key vulnerable ecological areas were synergistic as a whole and partially balanced, and the synergistic relationship is weakening; (3) the ecological service area''s ecosystem service synergy is greater than the non-ecological in the recovery area, the dynamic change trend of the weakening of the trade-off relationship is higher than that of the non-ecological recovery area. Quantitative assessment of the spatial and temporal characteristics of trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services would be useful for studying the temporal nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity of the relationships among ecosystem services, and it would be of great significance for the sustainable development of ecosystems in key vulnerable ecological areas.