基于能值和物质流的吉林省生态效率研究

为探讨生态效率计算方法,结合能值分析和物质流分析构建了生态效率表达式,并对吉林省进行实证分析.结果表明:①生态效率在17a间提高了2.9倍;②生态效率的提高使环境压力降低了205.62%,对经济增长的贡献率达63.7%;③人口增长并非环境压力升高的主要原因,资源消耗对环境压力的影响比废弃物排放更大,但其脱钩现象却弱于废弃物排放;④2000年以后,生态效率对抑制环境压力升高、促进经济增长的作用都在下降,各指标的脱钩指数也均在减小,吉林省经济发展的不可持续性在增强.研究结果在理论上有助于深化生态效率研究方法,在实践上有助于深思我国环保政策存在的缺陷,对促进吉林省可持续发展也具有一定的借鉴意义.

Eco-efficiency of Jilin Province based on emergy and material flow

To investigate the calculating method of eco-efficiency, a calculation formula, which combined with emergy analysis and material flow analysis, was established and then it was applied to Jilin Province. The main results could be summarized as follows: ① In the past 17 years, eco-efficiency has increased by 2.9 times. ② The improvement of eco-efficiency makes environmental pressure decrease by 205.62% and its average contribution to economic growth is 63.7%. ③ Population growth is not the main cause for increasing environmental pressure. The influence of material input on environmental pressure is more obvious than that of waste discharge, but its decoupling index is lower. ④ After 2000, with the slow increase of eco-efficiency, its inhibitory effect on environmental pressure and promoting effect on economic growth are both decreasing. Furthermore, the decoupling indexes of most indicators are shrinking. The unsustainable factors are enhancing in Jilin Province. The result could be helpful to deepen the calculating method of eco-efficiency in theory and reflect the limitation of environmental policy in practice. Also, the result could benefit the sustainable development of Jilin Province to some extent.