基于生态系统服务重要性和环境敏感性的喀斯特山区生态安全格局构建——以广西河池为例

生态安全格局对保障区域生态安全、推动城市空间高质量发展及提升人类福祉具有重要意义。聚焦喀斯特山区基本自然地理特征与生态环境问题,探究生态脆弱的喀斯特山区的生态安全格局构建与优化。以河池市为例,根据生态系统服务重要性识别选取生态源地,基于生态环境敏感性评估结果修正基本阻力面,并利用最小累积阻力模型（Minimum Cumulative Resistance,简称MCR模型）提取生态廊道,构建出河池市生态安全格局。结果表明：河池市生态源地总面积为5706.63 km²,占全市总面积的17.07%。生态廊道分为潜在廊道和关键廊道,分别为456.82 km和325.44 km。对所识别的源地和生态廊道进行总体规划,宏观上可以形成"四屏两区三带"的蛛网式辐射分布的生态安全格局。基于生态系统服务重要性的源地识别,以及利用生态敏感性结果修正基本阻力面的方法,综合考虑了生态安全格局构建中生态过程的重要性,研究结果为解决喀斯特山区的城市空间扩张和生态安全保障问题提供了现实路径和科学指引。

Construction of ecological security pattern based on the importance of ecosystem services and environmental sensitivity in karst mountainous areas: a case study in Hechi, Guangxi

The ecological security pattern is of great significance for ensuring regional ecological security, promoting high-quality development of urban space, and enhance human welfare. This paper focuses on the basic naturally geographical features and ecological environment issues of the karst mountain areas,and explores the construction and optimization of the ecological security pattern in the ecologically fragile karst mountain areas. Taking the city of Hechi as an example, we identified and selected ecological sources according to the importance of ecosystem services, modified the basic resistance surface based on the results of ecological and environmental sensitivity assessment, and extracted the ecological corridor with the Minimum Cumulative Resistance model (MCR model) to construct the ecological security pattern of Hechi The results show that the total area of ecological source area in Hechi is 5706.63 km², accounting for 17.07% of the city''s total area. The ecological corridor is divided into potential corridor and key corridor, which are 456.82 km and 325.44 km, respectively. The overall planning of the identified source areas and ecological corridors can form a spider web pattern of ecological security of radiation distribution of "four screens, two areas and three belts". Based on the identification of the importance of ecosystem service function and the method of modifying the basic resistance surface by using the results of ecological sensitivity, the importance of ecological process in the construction of ecological security pattern is taken into consideration. The results provide the practical path and scientific guidance for solving the problems of urban space expansion and ecological security in karst mountain areas.