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西江颗粒直链藻种群生态特征
引用本文:王超,赖子尼,李跃飞,李新辉,SOVAN Lek,洪颐,谭细畅,李捷.西江颗粒直链藻种群生态特征[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4793-4802.
作者姓名:王超  赖子尼  李跃飞  李新辉  SOVAN Lek  洪颐  谭细畅  李捷
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广州510380;农业部珠江中下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,526100
2. Laboratory Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex4, France
基金项目:全国渔业环境监测网珠江生态监测与评价项目(2009-);公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(200903048-5);科技部公益专项(2005DIB3J023);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A2011009)
摘    要:西江肇庆段是珠江干流汇入珠三角河网水域的咽喉通道,结合长期定点连续采样和空间季节性调查,重点对2009年西江干流肇庆段的颗粒直链藻(Aulacoseira granulata)的种群生态学特征进行系统分析。结果显示:全年中,颗粒直链藻在总种群中所占百分比均值为25.37%,与总种群丰度存在极显著正相关关系,这表明颗粒直链藻是西江浮游植物群落的重要优势种。调查期间发现了颗粒直链藻的4种形态,包括原变种(var.granulata)、极狭变种(var.angustissima)、弯曲变种(var.curvata)和极狭变种螺旋变型(var.angustissima f.spiralis)。其中,原变种占有绝对优势地位,其相对百分组成的年均值为91.47%,推测为原变种的形态结构比其它3种形态更容易适应外界环境变化,进而形成优势群体。颗粒直链藻总密度的周年变化呈现明显的双峰型,两个峰值分别出现在8月和11月,主要得益于适宜的水温、相对稳定的水体和较高的营养盐水平,这些均有助于颗粒直链藻的生长繁殖。第一个高峰之前,颗粒直链藻总密度未出现明显的波动,这很可能是由于水体径流量增大导致的稀释作用和频繁降雨导致的水体剧烈波动对颗粒直链藻增长的负作用掩盖了水温上升所带来的益处。从空间分布来看,颗粒直链藻总丰度的最大值一般出现在S1、S5和S6站点,这与营养盐最大值的空间分布格局是一致的。

关 键 词:西江  颗粒直链藻  种群生态特征
收稿时间:2011/11/3 0:00:00
修稿时间:2012/5/17 0:00:00

Population ecology of Aulacoseira granulata in Xijiang River
WANG Chao,LAI Zini,LI Yuefei,LI Xinhui,SOVAN Lek,HONG Yi,TAN Xichang and LI Jie.Population ecology of Aulacoseira granulata in Xijiang River[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(15):4793-4802.
Authors:WANG Chao  LAI Zini  LI Yuefei  LI Xinhui  SOVAN Lek  HONG Yi  TAN Xichang and LI Jie
Institution:Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China;Laboratory Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex4, France;Laboratory Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex4, France;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, China;Experimental Station for Scientific Observation on Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, 526100, Ministry of Agriculture the People's Republic of China
Abstract:Aulacoseira granulata,a highlighted centric diatom,belongs to Aulacoseira,Coscinodiscaceae,Coscinodiscales,Centricae,Bacillariophyta.Through the seasonal and continuous investigation for the Xijiang River at 2009,we found that Aulacoseira granulata had four variant forms in morphology: Aulacoseira granulata var.granulata,Aulacoseira granulata var.angustissima,Aulacoseira granulata var.curvata,Aulacoseira granulata var.angustissima f.spiralis.As an eutrophication indicator,it often got some attention because of its dominance in freshwater resources,such as rivers,lakes and reservoirs,and even in classical brackish estuary. Müller reported firstly that two types of cell valves existed in the filament chain in A.granulata at 1903,and this could promote to detect it from other Aulacoseira species.However,this finding did not attract other researchers′ attention until the morphology and ecology study on this species by Kilham and Kilham at 1970s.Thus,an important epoch for A.granulata study came into being.The early studies focused on morphology and structure of filament,variation characteristics and population ecology.At the beginning of this century,several studies referred to toxicity of heavy metals to A.granulata and the role extracellular polysaccharide of A.granulata.Although over 100 years have past,few studies on A.granulata could be found in China,except for author′s research work in the Pearl River Estuary. The Pearl River is the third large river of China and the biggest one of southern China.As the largest tributary of the Pearl River,Xijiang River is with length of 2074.8 km and basin area of 355000 km2.Here,the population ecology of A.granulata was studied in Xijiang River during the whole 2009.Six sampling sites(S1—S6) overlapping the main stream of Xijiang River were set to study the spatial pattern,among of them,S1—S4 sites were investigated in April and July respectively,S5 was a long-term settled site at downstream where water samples were collected every five days to study the temporal variation pattern,and S6 was set at the river estuary where water samples were collected seasonally to study the export of A.granulata from S5.Our results showed that the average proportion of A.granulata to total phytoplankton was 25.37%,and the significant positive relationship between its abundance and total phytoplankton reflected the predominant position of A.granulata in phytoplankton community.We have found the whole four morphological forms of A.granulata during the whole year,and they were var.granulata,var.angustissima,var.angustissima f.spiralis and var.curvata.Among of them,var.granulata showed absolute dominant proportion(average 91.47%),which benefited from its own special morphological characteristics.The annual variation pattern of A.granulata abundance showed apparent two peaks,which appeared in August and November respectively,was mainly due to the suitable water temperature、water column conditions and high nutrients level.Before the appearance of the first peak,there were no apparent fluctuations for A.granulata,which maybe because that the positive role of rising water temperature was covered by the negative role from the dilution impact of high discharge and intense fluctuations caused by frequent rain.The spatial distribution pattern showed that the highest values usually appeared in S1、S5 and S6,which was in accordance with the spatial distribution of high nutrients.
Keywords:Xijiang River  Aulacoseira granulata  population ecology
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