喷施ABA对两个穗型不同小麦穗颈节伤流、穗部性状及产量的影响

以冬小麦品种山农8355和山农15为试验材料,研究了不同ABA喷期处理条件下,小麦花后穗颈节伤流变化及其对籽粒穗部性状与产量的影响。结果表明,多穗型品种SN15伤流强度呈现出单峰变化,而大穗型品种SN8355呈现一定的双峰变化趋势,其伤流强度在后期出现一个小高峰。不论是孕穗后期喷施ABA处理(T1)还是花后3d喷施ABA处理(T2),一定程度上均有利于花后穗颈节伤流的增加。各粒位籽粒粒重与体积在不同生育时期表现基本相同,大体上表现为T1处理较对照小,而T2处理则较对照大,即T2＞CK＞T1。施用ABA可改善穗部营养状况,最高增加穗粒数31.31%,平均提高小穗结实率2.79%,增加穗粒重7.90%-19.01%,并最终增加产量4.08%-9.81%。相关分析表明,穗颈节伤流强度在大多数生育时期与穗粒重关系密切,而群体伤流强度则与产量关系相对密切。研究表明,合理施用ABA能够调节小麦穗颈节伤流强度,从而可以优化穗部性状发育,利于产量的提高。

Effects of spraying ABA on bleeding intensity in neck-panicle node, spike traits and grain yields of two different panicle-type winter wheat

In order to improve grain yield of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),the bleeding intensity of neck-panicle node and spike traits changes in wheat were investigated after spraying ABA(12mg/kg,45 mL/m2).In this study,two currently high-yield wheat cultivars Shannong 8355(SN8355) with the large spike and Shannong 15(SN15) with the multiple spike were used to identify their effects on bleeding intensity in neck-panicle node,spike traits and grain yields after spraying ABA during the filling stage.ABA solution ...