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四种温带森林土壤氮矿化与硝化时空格局
引用本文:傅民杰,王传宽,王颖,刘实.四种温带森林土壤氮矿化与硝化时空格局[J].生态学报,2009,29(7):3747-3758.
作者姓名:傅民杰  王传宽  王颖  刘实
作者单位:1. 东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨,150040;延边大学农学院,龙井,133400
2. 东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨,150040
基金项目:国家科技支撑资助项目,国家林业部引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划),国家自然科学基金 
摘    要:利用PVC管原位培养连续取样法测定了东北地区4种具有代表性的森林生态系统(硬阔叶林、蒙古栎林、红松林、落叶松林)土壤氮素矿化、硝化的时间动态及氮矿化的空间分布格局.结果表明:4种森林土壤氮素矿化存在明显的时空变异.蒙古栎和红松林土壤在6月份表现出强烈的氮矿化和硝化作用,而硬阔叶林及落叶松林7月份氮素矿化强烈.4种森林生态系统上层土壤的氮净矿(硝)化率显著高于下层土壤.4种林型土壤的硝化过程在氮矿化过程中占有重要地位,其NO-3-N在无机氮中的比例分别为:79.9%~91.1%(硬阔叶林)、50.7%~80.5%(蒙古栎林)、54.1%~92.0%(红松林)、63.7%~86.5%(落叶松林).生态系统构成决定了土壤氮素的矿化能力.阔叶林和针阔混交林生态系统矿化率大于纯针叶林生态系统.硬阔叶林、红松林、蒙古栎林、落叶松林的平均净矿化率分别为:(0.58±0.01) mg · kg-1 · d-1、(0.47±0.19) mg · kg-1 · d-1、(0.39±0.11) mg · kg-1 · d-1和(0.23±0.06) mg · kg-1 · d-1.4种林型氮素矿化作用与地下5 cm温度呈正相关,并受土壤表层 (0~10 cm)水分显著影响.土壤微生物量氮与土壤氮矿化呈显著正相关.

关 键 词:森林土壤    净氮矿化  净硝化
收稿时间:2008/10/11 0:00:00
修稿时间:2008/11/25 0:00:00

Temporal and spatial patterns of soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in four temperate forests
Fuminjie,Wangchuankuan,Wangyi and Liushi.Temporal and spatial patterns of soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in four temperate forests[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(7):3747-3758.
Authors:Fuminjie  Wangchuankuan  Wangyi and Liushi
Institution:1.Northeast Forestry University;2.Yanbian University,Northeast Forestry University,,
Abstract:Tempo-spatial variations in soil net nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification in four typical temperate forests in northeast China were investigated with a PVC tube sequential coring and in\|situ incubation method. The forests were hardwood broadleaf (HB), Quercus mongolica (QM), Pinus koraiensis (PK) and Larix gmelinii (LG) forests. The N mineralization showed significant tempo\|spatial variability in the four forests. The highest net N mineralization rates occurred in June for the QM and PK, and in July for the HB and LG. The rates of N mineralization and nitrification at the upper\|layer soil were greater than those at the lower\|layer. Nitrification was the dominant process in the forests, and the proportion of NO-3\|N to the total inorganic N was 79.9%-91.1%, 50.7%-80.5%, 54.1%-92.0% and 63.7%-86.5% for the HB, QM, PK and LG, respectively. The N mineralization capacity differed significantly among the four forests. The mean rates of N mineralization for the HB, QM, PK and LG were (0.58±0.01) mg·kg-1·d-1, (0.47±0.19) mg·kg-1·d-1, (0.39±0.11) mg·kg-1·d-1 and (0.23±0.06) mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. The N mineralization was positively correlated to the soil temperature at 5 cm depth for the four forests. This relationship was significantly influenced by the soil moisture at 0-10 cm depth. The N mineralization was also significantly positively correlated to the microbial biomass N.
Keywords:forest soil  nitrogen  net nitrogen mineralization  net nitrification
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