褐马鸡非使用价值评估及影响因素

野生物种资源的价值评估是保护生物学研究的核心内容,也是物种保护、生态补偿以及TEEB行动计划的理论基础和依据。运用条件价值法(CVM)对珍稀濒危鸟类褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)进行非使用价值评估。研究共回收有效样本503份,其中70.97%有支付意愿,通过平均值法和中位值法估算得出我国城镇人口对褐马鸡的人均支付意愿为28.39—36.88元/a,由此得到褐马鸡的非使用价值在21.89×10~9—28.44×10~9元/a之间。通过建立Logit计量经济模型对支付意愿的影响因素进行分析,进而得到受访者对褐马鸡的了解程度、见过褐马鸡次数、受教育程度及收入水平等因素对支付意愿具有正的影响,其中了解程度的影响最大,而年龄对支付意愿具有负的影响。除此以外,评估的范围、支付意愿的单位以及总样本的设定也会直接影响物种价值评估的结果。

Evaluation of non-use value and analysis of influence factors affecting Crossoptilon mantchuricum in China

The economic value assessment of wild species is key to conservation biology, and is the theoretical basis of species conservation, ecological compensation, and the economics of ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB) action plan. This research used the contingent valuation method (CVM) to evaluate the non-use value of an endemic threatened bird Crossoptilon mantchuricum. The results showed that 503 effective questionnaires were completed, in which willingness to pay (WTP) accounted for 70.97% of the responses. The average individual WTP for Crossoptilon mantchuricum was 28.39-36.88 yuan/a, and the total non-use value ranged from 21.89×10⁹ to 28.44×10⁹ yuan/a. The Logit model estimate of the factors influencing WTP suggested that cognition degree, number of times respondents have seen Crossoptilon mantchuricum, the education and income levels positively affected WTP, and that cognition degree had the greatest effect. However, the age of the respondents negatively affected WTP. After comparing the domestic valuations of the species, the scope of the assessment, the WTP unit, and the total sample setting were also considered to be factors that can directly influence the final result of the species valuation.