浙江雁荡山山脉叶栖酵母菌资源与物种多样性

对北雁荡山、中雁荡山、南雁荡山、西雁荡山和东雁荡山等广阔区域内的叶栖酵母菌资源进行考察,旨在弄清雁荡山山脉叶栖酵母菌资源和多样性。采用PDA平板对雁荡山地区的叶栖酵母菌资源进行分离和纯化,根据酵母菌培养物26S rDNA D1/D2序列和系统发育关系明确酵母菌的分类地位,分析该地区叶栖酵母菌群落的多样性、组成和分布情况。结果发现,分离自雁荡山山脉的1118株叶栖酵母菌可以被鉴定为56个已知类群和19个疑似新种,其中38种酵母菌在该地区比较常见。常见的酵母菌类群中,包括Derxomyces属5种,Sporobolomyces属3种,Bannoa、Bulleribasidium、Rhodosporidiobolus、Symmetrospora、Taphrina、Tilletiopsi和Udeniomyces属各2种,Bullera、Coniochaeta、Coniosporium、Cryptococcus、Elsinoe、Erythrobasidium、Fellozyma、Golubevia、Kockovaella、Kondoa、Leucosporidium、Moesziomyces、Oberwinklerozyma、Phyllozyma、Ruinenia和Saitozyma属各1种。根据常见酵母菌类群的相对频率,在该地区分离到的叶栖酵母菌中Derxomyces mrakii具有明显分布优势,并探讨了Derxomyces mrakii株间26S rDNA D1/D2序列的稳定性和变异幅度。根据雁荡山地区常见叶栖酵母菌组成和相似程度,可以推测地理上相近地区的酵母菌物种分布具有更大相似性。基于雁荡山山脉常见叶栖酵母菌种类和数量而绘制出的物种累积曲线,证明雁荡山地区绝大多数的叶栖酵母菌种类已经被分离到,研究结果可以真实反映该地区叶栖酵母菌资源和物种多样性的存在状况。

Resources and species diversity of the phyllosphere yeasts from the Yandang Mountains in Zhejiang Province

Phyllosphere yeasts from the Yandang Mountains were investigated to reveal their resources and species diversity. The phyllosphere yeasts from the focal region were isolated and purified in a potato dextrose agar (PDA) plate and their classification statuses were defined according to their 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequences and the phylogenetic relationships of the cultures, and then the composition, distribution, and diversity of the phyllosphere yeasts were analyzed in detail. In total, 1118 phyllosphere yeasts were isolated from the Yandang Mountains and identified as 56 known groups and 19 proposed new species, among which 38 groups were common. The common yeast species were widely distributed among 25 genera. Of these, the Derxomyces consisted of five species, the Sporobolomyces consisted of three species, the Bannoa, Bulleribasidium, Rhodosporidiobolus, Symmetrospora, Taphrina, Tilletiopsis, and Udeniomyces each consisted of two species, whereas the Bullera, Coniochaeta, Coniosporium, Cryptococcus, Elsinoe, Erythrobasidium, Fellozyma, Golubevia, Kockovaella, Kondoa, Leucosporidium, Moesziomyces, Oberwinklerozyma, Phyllozyma, Ruinenia, and Saitozyma each consisted of one species. According to the relative frequency of the common groups, Derxomyces mrakii had an obvious distribution dominance. At the same time, the stability and variation range of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence among the different strains of D. mrakii were discussed. Based on a comparison of the composition and similarity of common phyllosphere yeasts in the Yandang Mountains, it can be speculated that the distribution of yeast species within geographically close regions might have more similarities. The majority of the phyllosphere yeasts in Yandang Mountains were isolated through analyzing the species accumulation curves based on the species and numbers of common phyllosphere yeasts. Therefore, this study reflects resources and species diversity of the phyllosphere yeasts from the Yandang Mountains.