基于生态足迹法的闽三角城市群生态安全评价

生态安全已经成为时下研究的热点问题,而生态足迹法(Ecological Footprint)是评价区域生态安全的重要方法之一。然而,目前鲜有应用改良后的生态足迹方法探讨海湾型城市群生态足迹以及生态安全状态的成果。鉴于此,论文以闽三角城市群为研究区,以NPP数据反映现实生物量,采用"国家公顷"实现产量因子区域化,测算2010—2015年的区域生态足迹、生态承载力、生态赤字以及生态压力指数,评价区域生态安全状态。结果表明:2010—2015年间,闽三角城市群的生态足迹快速增长,其中泉州与漳州增长迅速,而厦门则略有下降;区域总体生态承载力缓慢下降;城市群大部分区域呈现生态赤字且越发严重,其中厦门最为严重,泉州次之,漳州相对较轻;城市群生态压力指数持续增长,生态安全等级升高,与生态赤字情况总体相符,生态安全问题亟需解决。有助于拓展与丰富生态足迹与生态安全研究的视角与案例,并为城市群可持续发展提供科学依据和决策支撑。

Evaluation of the ecological security of Urban Agglomeration on Min Delta based on ecological footprint

Ecological security is receiving great attention in current researches, and the ecological footprint is one of the major methods in evaluating regional ecological security. However, few studies have determined the ecological footprint and ecological safety of a bay-type urban agglomeration using the improved ecological footprint method (EF-NPP). In this study, the Urban Agglomeration on Min Delta (UA-MD) was selected as a typical scenario, using NPP data as the real biomass, the regional ecological footprint and carrying capacity were measured with the regionalization of the yield factor denoted by "National Hectare". The ecological deficit and tension index were quantified, and the ecological safety of UA-MD during 2010-2015 was evaluated. The results showed that generally the ecological footprint of UA-MD rapidly increased between 2010 and 2015, especially in Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. However, the ecological footprint of UA-MD of Xiamen decreased slightly. In contrast, the regional ecological carrying capacity followed a decreasing trend, and most regions in UA-MD exhibited the ecological deficit phenomenon, with most serious in Xiamen, less serious in Quanzhou, and little changes in Zhangzhou. The ecological tension index of UA-MD continued to glow, and the ecological security level increased, which is consistent with the ecological deficit situation. Therefore, the ecological security problem needs to be solved urgently. The results may enrich case studies of ecological footprints and security, and provide valuable implication for the sustainable development of urban agglomeration.