我国农业氨排放估算方法研究进展

农业大量施用氮肥以及持续扩大的禽畜养殖业是我国氨污染的最大来源。近年来大气环境问题备受关注,氨排放研究的重要性日益凸显,如何客观、科学定量的评估我国区域氨排放的问题尤为重要。通过检索已报道的国内外氨排放估算的研究进展,对我国的氨排放研究进行梳理,比对了氨排放主要估算方法的特点,对其所使用数据类型、获取途径,参数的定量取值方法及不确定性产生等方面进行了分析。针对国内氨排放估算存在计算方法单一,排放因子本地化不足等问题,提出了进一步改善的意见和建议。研究结果以期为我国做好氨排放控制基础研究,开展控制技术试验,制定相关政策文件,加强政府引导和扶持等提供科学依据。

A synthetic review of the methods used to estimate agricultural ammonia emissions in China

The largest sources of ammonia pollution in China are the excessive application of chemical fertilizer in agriculture and the continuous expansion of the livestock and poultry industry. Over recent years, the atmospheric environment has attracted much attention and ammonia emission research has become increasingly important. This has meant that accurately and scientifically assessing regional ammonia emissions in China has become particularly pertinent. This study was based on related research progress at home and abroad, and compared the characteristics of the main methods used for estimating ammonia emissions in China. The types of data, pollution routes, parameters quantification, and uncertainty analysis were analyzed. Opinions and suggestions for further improvement are put forward on issues such as single calculation methods and insufficient localization of emission factors in the estimation of domestic ammonia emissions. The results provides a scientific basis that will allow China to conduct basic research on ammonia emission control, carry out control technology tests, formulate relevant policy, and strengthen government guidance and support.