京津冀地区景观稳定性评价

景观稳定性是景观生态学中的一个复杂又重要的论题,其在景观生态学的不同研究中,研究与表征方法各异,但京津冀地区景观稳定性的研究相对较少。以京津冀地区为研究范围,以斑块密度(PD)、总边缘对比度指数(TECI)、香农多样性指数(SHDI)等6项景观指数,通过Arc GIS 10.2和Fragstats软件处理遥感影像解译数据;计算其1980、2000和2010年份的景观稳定性,并对不同年份的计算结果进行分析、评价与对比。研究表明,从1980年至2010年,京津冀地区水域湿地、耕地及林草的总面积在波动,但显然这30年间其分布呈破碎化趋势;景观极稳定及极不稳定的区域面积在不断扩大;河北南部、西北部和东北部景观极不稳定区域和北京、天津、河北西南及河北东部的极稳定区域面积在增加;北京、天津、唐山等城市景观稳定性逐步增强,而涿鹿县、文安县、宣化县等城市景观稳定性逐步降低。对景观稳定性的表征方式、分析与对比的方法做了探索,以期为今后大尺度景观稳定性的定量分析与时空对比提供参考。

Evaluation of landscape stability in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Landscape stability is a complex and important topic in landscape ecology, and the research and characterization methods in different landscape ecology studies vary considerably. However, there are relatively few studies on the landscape stability in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Therefore, the present study characterized, analyzed, evaluated, and compared the landscape stability of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 1980, 2000, and 2010 using six landscape indexes, such as Patch Density (PD), Total Edge Contrast Index (TECI), and Shannon''s Diversity Index (SHDI). Remote sensing image interpretation data were processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.2 and Fragstats. The results showed that the total area of water and wetland, cultivated land and forest, and grassland fluctuated in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and their distribution was apparently more fragmented over the past 30 years. The areas of extremely stable and unstable regions have been expanding continuously, e.g., the extremely unstable areas in the South, Northwest, and Northeast Hebei Province, and extremely stable areas in Beijing, Tianjin, and eastern Hebei Province have increased. The landscape stability of Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan gradually improved, but the landscape stability of Zhuolu, Wen''an, and Xuanhua counties gradually decreased. By enhancing the methods of characterizing, analyzing, and comparing landscape stability, this study could provide a reference for quantitative analyses and spatio-temporal comparisons of large-scale landscape stability in the future.