溪流粗木质残体的生态学研究进展

粗木质残体（CWD）是森林或溪流生态系统中残存的超过一定直径大小的站杆、倒木、枝桠及根系等死木质物的总称，溪流CWD对于溪流生态系统的稳定，水生生物多样性，河槽形态及其变化过程有着重要的作用。对溪流CWD的产生和分类，溪流CWD对于溪流生态系统的稳定，水生生物多样性，河槽形态及其变化过程有着重要的作用。对溪流CWD的产生和分类，溪流CWD贮量，分布和动态，以及溪流CWD的功能和管理分别进行了总结，并指出应尽快在国内开展溪流CWD的研究和管理。

Advances in Ecological Studies on In-stream Coarse Woody Debris

Coarse woody debris (CWD), mainly found in the forms of snags, fallen wood, large branches, twigs and roots with diameter more than a certain value in forest ecosystems or stream ecosystems, it was often neglected as an ecological component in studying and managing many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In forest ecosystems, CWD has many crucial ecological functions such as habitat for organisms, a site for nitrogen fixation, energy flow, and nutrient cycling. Management of streams, lakes, and wetlands in forested ecosystems or watersheds represents one of the most revolutionary changes in forestry in the latter half of the 20 th century, and so, today, there is widespread agreement that historical forest practices negatively altered the structure of the aquatic ecosystems and decreased their productivity. Along with the continuous development of researches on stream ecosystems and watershed ecology, the intercross and combination of terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems researches are a new current in studying ecosystems. Therefore, although a study on CWD is an important aspect in traditional forest ecology, increasingly more ecologists pay their attentions to in-stream CWD and are aware of the important effects of in-stream CWD in basic study and practical management. While CWD in forest ecosystems turns into stream ecosystems because of natural power or human power, it is turned into in-stream CWD. In-stream CWD is one of the most important and intuitionistic input and disturbance of terrestrial ecosystems on stream ecosystems, and it is a major connection between terrestrial ecosystems and stream ecosystems. In-stream CWD also plays an important role in stabilizing stream ecosystem, aquatic biology diversity, and channel morphology and its change process. In this paper, based on a mass of literatures about CWD, the formation and classification of CWD in streams, storage, distribution, trends and its function and management have been summed up, respectively, and most of these related researches have been commented. We also pointed out that, although the research on in-stream CWD did not have a long history, it becomes more and more important in the relative studies and managements. In China, the relative researches have been mainly focused on CWD in forest ecosystems and litter in aquatic ecosystems from forest ecosystems, and they are far from sufficient. Therefore, it is important and imperative to develop researches and managements on CWD in streams quickly in our country.