卧龙自然保护区综合功能评价

保护区是一种特殊的土地利用类型，以保护物种，生态系统或自然遗产为主要目的，但是保护的成败依赖于保护区管理的有效性和可持续性，这是保护区健康发展的根本保障，功能评价就是促进保护区持续有效管理的重要手段，本文以模糊逻辑和问卷调查为基础，对卧龙自然保护区功能进行了综合评价。评价中，将卧龙自然保护区的整体功能划分为五大方面，即自然保护、宣传教育，科学研究，社会发展和经济发展，其中每项功能再进一步划分为3到5个次级指标，从而形成了一个具有3个层次的评价指标体系，评价结果表明，自然保护功能的评价为“好”，其余4项功能均评价为“一般”，因此，作为5方面功能综合的整体功能状况也为“一般”。卧龙自然保护区五大功能的相对良好次序为：自然保护，科学研究，社会发展，宣传教育和经济发展，这就意味着，卧龙自然保护区的功能具有综合整体性，任何方面的功能失调都会影响到保护区整体功能的发挥和保护区自身的健康发展，改善保护区的整体功能，也必须注重各项功能的相互影响，和彼此协调，只有这样才能解决好影响保护区发展的各种矛盾。克服管理和决策中的各种片面性和低效性，促使保护区的管理不断完善，从而保证保护区的可持续发展，进一步分析卧龙自然保护区各项功能的次级指标，对从各方面寻求改善保护区的功能状况很有帮助。

Comprehensive evaluation of the functions of Wolong Nature Reserve

Protected areas (PAs) represent a special kind of land use type with the protect ion of wildlife species, ecosystems or natural relics as the main objectives. Bu t the success or failure of protection depends on the effectiveness and sustaina bility of PA management, which is the fundamental guarantee of the healthy devel opment of PAs. Evaluation in functionality is an important instrument to drive P As towards effective and sustainable management. Based on the theory of fuzzy logic and questionnaire surveys, we gave a comprehe nsive evaluation of Wolong Nature Reserve in functionality in this paper. In the process of evaluation, we defined the functions of Wolong Nature Reserve as nat ure conservation, environmental education, scientific research, social developme nt and economic development. Each of the five major functions was further repres ented by three to five sub-criteria (sub-functions), respectively. Accordingly , a hierarchical criteria system with three layers was established for the evalu ation. Totally, there were five criteria in the second layer and twenty criteria in the third layer. The results showed that the function of nature conservation was in good situatio n, while, the other four major functions were in a situation not so good as expe cted. Therefore, the overall function, the uniform representation of the five ma jor functions, was just so-so. Of the five major functions, Wolong Nature Reser ve functioned best at nature conservation, followed by the functions of scientif ic research, social development, environmental education, and economic developme nt. These indicated that the functions of Wolong Nature Reserve were closely rel ated to each other. No matter where the dysfunctions occurred, the overall funct ion and the healthy development of Wolong Nature Reserve would be affected. To i mprove the overall function of Wolong Nature Reserve, the characteristics of the functions that are complementary and mutually reinforcing need to be taken into consideration. Only this way, can the various conflicts be resolved successfull y. The unilateralism and low efficiency in the management and decision making pr ocess can be overcome, subsequently. To keep the functions in harmony is favorab le to the sustainable development of Wolong Nature Reserve. The analysis of the sub-functions is helpful in the search of an entire improvement of the reserve functions.were f