综合物理防控技术对盐城大丰港互花米草的控制效果

互花米草是我国沿海滩涂典型外来入侵物种之一，该物种在江苏盐城大丰港形成了大面积入侵种群。在大丰港设置了刈割+遮荫和单纯刈割样方共9个，对比分析了不同防控技术以及不同遮荫持续时间对互花米草地上部分和地下根茎的影响，评估遮荫去除后互花米草生长状况、土壤氮磷含量、底栖动物生物量和密度的变化，以探索适合的控制技术和有效控制时间。结果表明：两种控制技术都极显著降低了互花米草地上部分株高、基径、密度和地上鲜重（P<0.01），对已刈割的互花米草遮荫3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月后依次去除遮荫网，互花米草地上部分均全部消失，直至第二个生长季均未重新长出幼苗；两种控制技术显著降低了互花米草地下根茎存活率（P<0.05），但控制技术之间和遮荫时间长短对根茎存活率的影响无显著差异；去除遮荫网后，底栖动物生物量显著增加（P<0.05），但土壤氮磷含量无显著变化。研究发现在江苏盐城大丰港实施刈割+遮荫3个月后去除遮荫网，是治理互花米草、恢复本土动植物最高效的防控方法。

Effect of comprehensive physical control technologies on Spartina alterniflora in Dafeng Port, Yancheng

Spartina alterniflora is one of the typical invasive alien species along the coast of China. This species has formed a large-scale invasive population in Dafeng Port, Yancheng, Jiangsu. This study set up a total of 9 mowing+shading and only mowing plots in Dafeng Port and analyzed the differences of influences on the upper part and underground rhizomes of S. alterniflora among different control technologies and different lengths of shading time. We further monitored the control effect of S. alterniflora and the impact on soil nitrogen and phosphorus content and macrobenthos after removing the shading net. To explore the shortest shading time required to effectively control Spartina alterniflora. The results showed that the two control technologies extremely significantly reduced the plant height, base diameter, density, and fresh weight of the aboveground plant of S. alterniflora (P<0.01). After mowing+shading was implemented for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, the shading net was removed in turn, the aboveground part of S. alterniflora disappeared completely, and did not re-grow at the vigorous growth period of the second year. Both of the two control techniques significantly reduced the survival rates of the rhizomes of S. alterniflora (P<0.05). And there was no significant difference among the effects of different control technologies and different lengths of shading time on the survival rate of rhizomes. After removing the shading net, the biomass of macrobenthos increased significantly (P<0.05), but the soil nitrogen and phosphorus content did not change significantly. This study found that removing the shading net after 3 months of mowing+shading control technology in Dafeng Port, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, is the most efficient prevention and control method for treating Spartina alterniflora and the restoration of native species.