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中国大陆鸟类栖息地选择研究十年
引用本文:蒋爱伍,周放,覃玥,刘迺发.中国大陆鸟类栖息地选择研究十年[J].生态学报,2012,32(18):5918-5923.
作者姓名:蒋爱伍  周放  覃玥  刘迺发
作者单位:1. 兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000;河池学院化学与生命科学系,宜州546300
2. 广西大学动物科技学院,南宁,530005
3. 河池学院化学与生命科学系,宜州,546300
4. 兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州,730000
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(No. 30970381,31000965);广西自然科学基金青年基金项目(2010GXNSFB013044)
摘    要:栖息地选择研究一直是鸟类生态学研究的重要内容之一。通过对2001年1月至2010年12月10年期间中国大陆鸟类学家在国内外期刊上发表的鸟类栖息地选择研究的论文进行分析,对我国鸟类栖息地选择研究提出展望。10年间,我国鸟类学家共发表有关鸟类栖息地选择或利用的论文170篇,共涉及到鸟类10目31科73种。在这10年里,中国大陆有关鸟类栖息地选择或利用的文章持续增长。然而,我国鸟类栖息地选择的研究也存在着如下问题:(1)存在栖息地选择和栖息地利用误用的现象,这种现象在10年内并无明显改善;(2)在选择研究方法时,很少考虑个体的可获得性、种群密度及抽样尺度对栖息地选择的影响;(3)大多数的栖息地选择的论文没有对鸟类的栖息地选择行为进行研究,也缺乏对其选择的适合度背景去进行研究。根据这些问题,对我国未来的鸟类栖息地选择研究提出了建议。

关 键 词:栖息地选择  栖息地利用  鸟类  综述
收稿时间:8/15/2011 2:36:34 PM
修稿时间:6/8/2012 9:49:31 PM

10-years of bird habitat selection studies in mainland China: a review
JIANG Aiwu,ZHOU Fang,QIN Yue and LIU Naifa.10-years of bird habitat selection studies in mainland China: a review[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(18):5918-5923.
Authors:JIANG Aiwu  ZHOU Fang  QIN Yue and LIU Naifa
Institution:School of Life Science, Lanzhou University,
Abstract:Habitat selection can be regarded as a hierarchical process of different behavioral responses, which may lead to some habitat being disproportionately used because of spatial variation in fitness and survival. In China, questions about habitat selection have been the most important part of avian ecology research. Early research focused on characterizing the relationship between species diversity and habitat type. In recent years, the number of studies about avian habitat selection conducted by ornithologists in China has increased. To determine the status of bird habitat selection research, we surveyed papers published by ornithologists in mainland China over the last 10 years (2001-2010). We searched titles, abstracts and keywords for the terms "habitat selection and use", "nest site selection and use", "roost site selection and use", and "foraging site selection and use" in three Chinese journal databases and Google scholar. From each paper, we extracted: (1) the study species; (2) details about the methods; (3) whether the terms "habitat selection" and "habitat use" were used appropriately; (4) whether the results were placed in the context of fitness; and (5) any other relevant information. In total, we found 170 papers about bird habitat selection or habitat use. Of these, 154 papers were published in journals of mainland China. The other 16 papers were published in international journals. The study species were 73 bird species belonging to 10 orders and 31 families. Only nine of the 59 endemic birds of mainland China have been studied in last ten years. The number of papers per year has continuously increased in the last ten years. The number of papers published in 2009-2010 was almost 3 times that in 2001-2002. However, the same questions have been consistently asked by Chinese bird habitat selection studies. Furthermore, of the reviewed papers, 33.3% (56/168) suffered from semantic inconsistencies when using "habitat selection" and "habitat use" and this problem does not seem to vary among years. (x2=2.94, P=0.57). Some researchers appear to regard these two terms as synonymous. In total, 93.2% (96/103) of the papers examined habitat selection by comparing used versus unused habitat; the other 6.8% (7/103) compared used versus available habitat. However, many authors failed to clarify that not all habitat is equally suitable for bird use. Population density, predators and scales may influence habitat availability. Most (99.0%, 101/103) of the papers did not place their findings in a behavioral or fitness context. Habitat selection is a process in which birds decide to choose a suitable site for nest, roost or forage, and the choice can affect fitness. In most studies, the factors influencing habitat selection were proposed to be food, water and coverage. However, the pathway through which these environmental factors influence habitat selection was seldom discussed. Based on our findings, we propose ways in which bird habitat selection research in mainland China can advance. First, there should be more study of the habitat selection of bird species that are endemic to China. Second, bird habitat selection should be studied at different spatial scales, and for more species and environments. Finally, bird habitat selection should be studied by considering the behavior of individuals, and its fitness consequences.
Keywords:Habitat selection  habitat use  bird  review
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