西藏年楚河流域湿地土壤纤毛虫群落特征

为了研究西藏年楚河流域湿地土壤纤毛虫群落特征及其影响因素,于2020年5月、8月和10月春夏秋三个季节,根据年楚河流域湿地分布特征选取了5个湿地样地共计75个土壤样品,采用"非淹没培养皿法"和"活体观察法"对土壤纤毛虫进行了培养和鉴定,共鉴定出土壤纤毛虫154种,隶属于9纲、19目、43科、70属。结果表明土壤纤毛虫优势类群为前管目（Prorodontida）,占11.69%;刺钩目（Haptorida）为次优势类群,占11.04%;罕见类群为游仆虫目（Euplotidae）、瓶纤目（Armophorida）、肾形目（Colpodida）、嗜污目（Philaslasterida）、齿管目（Chlamydodontida）和吸管目（Succorida）,共占16.23%。湿地土壤纤毛虫多样性指数在三个季节间均无显著性差异（P>0.05）,SD4样地的多样性指数在5个样地中最高;湿地土壤纤毛虫C/P（0.35）<1,表明其土壤环境未污染;土壤纤毛虫群落相似性位于极不相似到中等不相似之间,说明不同样地的物种组成差异性较大;土壤含水量（SWC）、土壤温度（ST）和速效钾（RAK）是影响土壤纤毛虫群落分布的因素。

Characteristics of soil ciliate community in wetland of the Nianchu River Basin, Tibet, China

In order to study the characteristics of soil ciliate community and influencing factors in wetland of the Nianchu River Basin, Tibet, China. In May, August and October of 2020, i.e spring summer and autumn three seasons, 75 soil samples from five plots were selected based on the distribution of wetland in the Nianchu River Basin, A total of 154 species of soil ciliates, belonging to 70 genera, 43 families,19 orders and 9 classes, were identified by "non-flooded petri dish method" and "in vivo observation method". The results showed that Prorodontida (11.69%) was the dominant group, Haptorida (11.04%) was the subdominant group, and rare taxa were Euplotidae, Armophorida, Colpodida, Philaslasterida, Chlamydodontida and Succorida, accounting for 16.23% of the total. There was no significant difference in soil ciliate diversity index between the three seasons (P>0.05) in wetland, and the diversity index of the SD4 was the highest among the five plots. The soil ciliates(C/P(0.35)<1), indicating that the soil environment in wetland was not polluted. The similarity of soil ciliate communities ranged from extremely dissimilar to moderately dissimilar, showed that species had great differences in different sites. Soil water content (SWC), soil temperature (ST) and available potassium (RAK) were the main factors affecting soil ciliate community distribution.