基于DPSIR模型的国家大型煤电基地生态效应评估指标体系

国家大型煤电基地的规划建设是《中国国民经济和社会发展"十二五"规划纲要》中的重要内容,也是我国未来能源发展战略的重要举措。随着社会经济的不断发展,对人类活动生态效应的评估也越来越受到关注,对国家大型煤电基地生态效应的评估是确保煤电基地区域可持续发展的重要步骤。我国煤电基地多分布在北部干旱半干旱的生态脆弱区,区域生态环境直接影响到我国京津唐、东北城市群、华北东北两个主要粮食基地的生态安全,乃至直接影响到国家生态安全。因此,对国家大型煤电基地生态效应进行科学评估至关重要。基于DPSIR(驱动力Driving force—压力Pressure—状态State—影响Impact—响应Response)概念模型,以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟煤电基地为主要研究区域,从社会经济、资源能源、生态环境三个相关系统中梳理出43个评估指标,构建了国家大型煤电基地生态效应评估指标体系,以期科学评估国家大型煤电基地建设运营过程中的生态效应。

Evaluation index system on ecological effect of national large-scale coal-fired power base based on the dpsir conceptual model

Planning and construction of the national large-scale coal-fired power bases are one important department of Twelfth Five-Year Plan., and it is also an important measure of development strategy of China's future energy.With the development of social economy, people pay more attention on the assessment of ecological effects on human activities. So the assessment of ecological effects on the national large-scale coal-fired power base is an important way ensuring the regional sustainable development of the national large-scale coal-fired power base. The national large-scale coal-fired power bases are always distributed in arid and semi-arid regions in the north of China. The regional ecological environment direct impact on ecological safety of Beijing, Tianjin, Northeast urban agglomeration, and two of major grain production bases, even the nation. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the ecological effects of national large-scale coal-fired power base scientifically. Based on the DPSIR(Driving force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) conceptual model, we built an evaluation system of the ecological effects, in the Xilin Gol League coal-fired power base in Inner Mongolia. The evaluation system is made of three parts of social economics, resources and energy, ecological environment. There are 43 indicators in total to give a scientific assessment of ecological effects of national large-scale coal-fired power bases during construction and operation. By building the comprehensive evaluation index system based on the DPSIR conceptual model, the author recognized the key ecological efficiency factors of large-scale coal-fired power bases and sensitivity indicators. These results roundly reflect the dynamic effect between large-scale coal-fired power bases and their eco-environment. And also the result could help people understand the system impact of the large-scale coal-fired power bases. From the point of systems analysis, based on the DPSIR conceptual model, the author divided the comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological efficiency of the large-scale coal-fired power bases into five index subsystems, which are closely related and interacted. The five index subsystems are driving force index system, index system of pressure, index system of state, impact index system, and index system of response. The author established the indicators for each index system, which contained three aspects, for instance, social economy, resources and energy, and eco-environment. The details of indicators included three relevant portions, primary formation of ecosystem, the state-of-the-arts of ecosystem, and Projection of ecological risk. In this evaluation system, human activities, giving priority to with social and economic activities, are the basic driving force of the change of ecological efficiency. These human activities give rise to a series of pressures, such as excessive consumption of resources and energy, the deterioration of eco-environment, and so on. The pressures of resources, energy and eco-environment directly reflected the state of the quality of eco-environment. The changes of eco-environment have an impact on the social and economic activities. The policies and measures, which is taken in the process of promoting the sustainable development, are responses of the excessive consumption of resources and energy, and the deterioration of eco-environment. The next step is choosing the appropriate methods to weight the indicators for each index subsystem. Then using the basic data of Xilin Gol League coal-fired power base, we could quantitative evaluate the ecological effects of development.