福建省土地利用碳排放空间关联性与碳平衡分区

全球变暖与二氧化碳浓度升高密不可分,在工业化及城镇化发展过程中,人类对土地的利用和改造是造成全球大气中含碳量迅速增加的重要原因,且土地在利用过程中碳减排的潜力较大。因此,从不同土地利用方式视角研究福建省碳排放量,采用基尼系数来衡量福建省各设区市碳收支的空间差异,探索区域内土地利用碳收支规模和空间分异;运用社会网络分析方法对福建省土地利用碳排放空间网络结构的整体特征和设区市在网络结构中的角色进行考察,有助于从基础层面对人类活动所造成的环境影响进行评估,及时调整土地利用方式从而促进低碳经济发展。结果表明：2006-2018年福建省土地利用净碳排放量逐年递增,呈现东高西低的空间分布特征,建设用地是主要碳源,而林地起到主要碳汇的作用;区域内碳补偿率逐年递减且存在明显的空间差异,经济较发达的区域碳补偿率低于经济欠发达的区域,生态承载系数东西差距不断加强,东部地区碳排放的比例明显超过了碳吸收的比例;福建省土地利用碳排放在空间上具有明显的关联性和溢出效应,碳排放空间关联网络越来越复杂、稳定,各设区市在网络中所处地位和作用存在明显的不均衡性,厦门市在整个碳排放网络中占据领导地位,其他城市的碳影响力在网络中的地位及作用随着经济联系逐渐加强正在逐步提高;对网络空间聚类发现,第一模块和第三模块对模块内外均有溢出效应且密度值较大,属于"双向溢出模块",其余第二、四模块均属于"净收益模块"。在研究的基础上将福建省各设区市分为3类区域：低碳优化区、碳总量控制区和碳汇功能区,并提出协同减排的差异性对策建议。

Spatial correlation and carbon balance zoning of land use carbon emissions in Fujian Province

Global warming is inseparable from the increase in carbon dioxide concentration. In the process of industrialization and urbanization, the use and transformation of land by humans is an important reason for the rapid increase in carbon content in the global atmosphere, and there is a great potential for carbon emissions reduction during the process of land utilization. Therefore, the carbon emissions of Fujian Province was studied from the perspective of different land use methods.The Gini coefficient was used to measure the spatial differences of carbon budget of cities in Fujian Province, and the scale and spatial differences of land use carbon budgets in the region were explored. Using social network analysis method, we investigated the overall characteristics of the spatial network structure of land use carbon emissions in Fujian Province and the role of city in the network structure, which is helpful to assess the environmental impact caused by human activities at the basic level and adjust land use methods in time so as to promote the development of low-carbon economy. The results showed that from 2006 to 2018, the net carbon emissions from land use in Fujian Province increased year by year, indicating a spatial distribution characteristic of high in the east and low in the west. Construction land is the main carbon source, and forest land plays the role of the main carbon sink. The carbon compensation rate in the region decreased year by year and had obviously spatial differences, and the carbon compensation rate of economically developed regions is lower than that of economically underdeveloped regions. The gap between the east and the west in the ecological carrying coefficients is constantly increasing, and the proportion of carbon emissions in the eastern region obviously exceeds that of carbon absorption. Carbon emissions from land use in Fujian province has obvious spatial relevance and spillover effects. The spatial network of carbon emissions is becoming more and more complex and stable. The status and role of different cities in the network are obviously imbalanced. Xiamen City occupies the leading position in the entire carbon emission network, and the status and role of the carbon influence of other cities in the network is gradually increasing as economic links gradually strengthen. It is found in the network space clustering that the first and third modules have both internal and external spillover effects with high density value, which belong to the "two-way spillover module", and the remaining second and fourth modules belong to the "net income module". On the basis of the research, cities in Fujian province are divided into three types of areas:low-carbon optimization area, total carbon control area, and carbon sink functional area. We put forward relevant policy recommendations for the coordinated emission reduction.