稻鸭共作对稻米品质的影响

稻鸭共作技术是中国传统农业的精华.作为一种可持续的水稻生态种养模式,稻鸭共作对水稻生长、病虫草害防治、生物多样性和稻田环境的改善具有明显的作用,然而目前还没有关于稻鸭共作对稻米品质影响的报道.因此,于2005年在华南农业大学增城教学科研基地进行了田间试验,共设计稻鸭共作、混水处理和常规稻作3个处理,研究其对稻米加工品质、外观品质、蒸煮品质、营养品质和微量元素含量的影响效应.结果表明:稻鸭共作技术能够提高整精米率,减少垩白,增加粒宽,降低米粒长宽比值,同时促进稻米蛋白质和氨基酸含量的下降,Mn元素含量上升,但对出糙率、精米率、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量没有显著影响.说明稻鸭共作可在一定程度上改善稻米品质,为水稻的优质生产提供了一条较好的生态技术途径.

Impacts of integrated rice-duck farming system on rice quality

Integrated rice-duck farming system (IRDFS) is one of the cream practices in traditional Chinese agriculture. As a sustainable and ecological mode in rice production, the IRDFS has shown great impacts on rice growth, control of insect, disease and weed, biodiversity, and paddy environment. However, there is no direct field evidence concerning the impacts of the IRDFS on rice grain quality. In this study, we examined the impacts of different rice growing techniques on a variety of rice grain qualities and properties, including milling, appearance, cooking, nutrition, and microelement contents through field experiments in Zengcheng Research and Education Station, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, China in 2005. The treatments included the IRDFS, turbid water system, and conventional rice farming system. Our results showed that IRDFS significantly increased the rate of head milled rice, the grain width and the Mn content, but decreased the rice chalkiness, the length/width ratio, and the contents of protein and amino acid. No significant impacts were observed on the rates of brown rice and milled rice production and on the contents of gel consistency and amylose. This study suggests that IRDFS can improve rice grain quality to a certain degree and is an effective ecological technology for high-quality rice production.