海洋污染物对菲律宾蛤仔的免疫毒性

环境污染能够影响养殖贝类的免疫能力,是导致贝类大规模死亡的重要原因之一.探讨了大连周边4个海区污染物对采集的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)免疫毒性影响.结果发现:污染物浓度和种类对蛤仔的免疫和生理指标具有重要影响,在重金属和石油污染物浓度较低的皮口海区,血细胞总数、亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性和血淋巴溶菌酶活性均显著高于其它3个海区(P＜0.05),而蛤仔的脂质氧化水平则较低；在重金属和石油污染物浓度较高的黑石礁海区,蛤仔血淋巴谷胱甘肽含量显著高于其它3个海区(P＜0.05)；在重金属浓度较高的庄河海区,蛤仔表现出较高的超氧化物歧化酶活性(P＜0.05).

Immunotoxicity of marine pollutants on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

One of the most important reasons for the abnormal mortality of the cultured bivalve is the environmental contaminants, which induce suppression for the immune system of the bivalve. In this research, the immunotoxicity of marine pollutants on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected from the coast around Dalian was explored. The results indicated that types and concentrations of contaminants had important influence on the immunity and physiological indexes. In Pikou Sea area, owing to the lower content of heavy metal and oils, total haemocyte counts (THC), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity and lysozyme (LYZ) activity of clams were significantly higher than the other three sea areas (P<0.05), and a lower haemolymph lipid peroxidation (MDA) level was also found. In Heishijiao area with higher content heavy metals and oils, the glutathione (GSH + GSSG) content of haemolymph in clams was significantly higher than the other three sea areas (P<0.05). And the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of haemolymph were higher (P<0.05) in clams collected from Zhuanghe Sea area, where a higher concentration of heavy metal was detected.